触发受体表达于髓细胞2（TREM2）在阿尔茨海默病及其他神经疾病中的作用
The Role of TREM2 in Alzheimer's Disease and Other Neurological Disorders.
作者信息
Yaghmoor Faris, Noorsaeed Ahmed, Alsaggaf Samar, Aljohani Waleed, Scholtzova Henrieta, Boutajangout Allal, Wisniewski Thomas
机构信息
Departments of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, Alexandria ERSP, 450 East 29th Street, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, Alexandria ERSP, 450 East 29th Street, New York, NY 10016, USA.
出版信息
J Alzheimers Dis Parkinsonism. 2014 Nov;4(5). doi: 10.4172/2161-0460.1000160.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia worldwide. Late-onset AD (LOAD), is the most common form of Alzheimer's disease, representing about >95% of cases and early-onset AD represents <5% of cases. Several risk factors have been discovered that are associated with AD, with advancing age being the most prominent. Other environmental risk factors include diabetes mellitus, level of physical activity, educational status, hypertension and head injury. The most well known genetic risk factor for LOAD is inheritance of the apolipoprotein (apo) E4 allele. Recently, rare variants of TREM2 have been reported as a significant risk factor for LOAD, comparable to inheritance of apoE4. In this review we will focus on the role(s) of TREM2 in AD as well as in other neurodegenerative disorders.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是全球痴呆症的主要病因。晚发性阿尔茨海默病（LOAD）是阿尔茨海默病最常见的形式，约占病例的95%以上，早发性阿尔茨海默病占病例的5%以下。已经发现了几种与AD相关的风险因素，其中年龄增长是最突出的。其他环境风险因素包括糖尿病、身体活动水平、教育程度、高血压和头部损伤。LOAD最著名的遗传风险因素是载脂蛋白（apo）E4等位基因的遗传。最近，有报道称TREM2的罕见变异是LOAD的一个重要风险因素，与apoE4的遗传相当。在这篇综述中，我们将重点关注TREM2在AD以及其他神经退行性疾病中的作用。
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