Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10033, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2015 Feb 5;7(1):329-41. doi: 10.3390/cancers7010329.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer result in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. In addition to the role of environmental smoke exposure in the development of both diseases, recent epidemiological studies suggests a connection between the development of COPD and lung cancer. Furthermore, individuals with concomitant COPD and cancer have a poor prognosis when compared with individuals with lung cancer alone. The modulation of molecular pathways activated during emphysema likely lead to an increased susceptibility to lung tumor growth and metastasis. This review summarizes what is known in the literature examining the molecular pathways affecting matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in this process as well as external factors such as smoke exposure that have an impact on tumor growth and metastasis. Increased expression of MMPs provides a unifying link between lung cancer and COPD.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）和肺癌在全球范围内导致了大量的发病率和死亡率。除了环境烟雾暴露在这两种疾病发展中的作用外，最近的流行病学研究表明，COPD 的发展与肺癌之间存在联系。此外，与单独患有肺癌的个体相比，同时患有 COPD 和癌症的个体预后较差。在肺气肿过程中激活的分子途径的调节可能导致对肺肿瘤生长和转移的易感性增加。这篇综述总结了文献中已知的影响基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）的分子途径以及对肿瘤生长和转移有影响的外部因素，如烟雾暴露。MMPs 的表达增加为肺癌和 COPD 之间提供了一个统一的联系。
