Schröder Claudia, Chaaya Monique, Saab Dahlia, Mahfoud Ziyad
Ludwig Maximilian Universität, München, Germany.
Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2016 Mar;38(1):84-91. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdv004. Epub 2015 Feb 9.
The phenomenon of waterpipe smoking (WPS) among adolescents has become eminent, and it is especially prevalent in Lebanon. Unlike cigarette smoking, WPS is parentally and socially acceptable. This study aims at examining the association between intention to smoke waterpipe in the next 6 months, and knowledge, attitudes and parental and social influences.
This is a secondary data analysis from a national survey in 2007 on 1028 households. This study addresses 258 non-smoking adolescents and their parents. Consent was sought and the study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the American University of Beirut. Face-to-face interviews were conducted. Descriptive analysis, crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were generated.
At the bivariate level, late adolescence, mothers without university education, prior adolescents' WPS experiences, best friends' and parents' WPS habits and adolescents' and parents' lower attitude scores were associated with smoking intention. In the adjusted model, adolescents' beliefs about positive effects, best friends' similar habits and prior smoking remained significant (respective ORs [95% confidence interval ]: 1.81 [1.33-2.45], 2.51 [1.24-5.10], 4.91 [2.35-10.36]). Parents' perceived attitude against smoking was protective (OR: 0.57 [0.39-0.83]).
Adolescents' intention to smoke is highly influenced by parents' permissive attitudes and peer pressure. Interventions targeting these two groups and limiting access to smoking by adolescents should be instigated.
青少年吸食水烟的现象已十分显著，在黎巴嫩尤为普遍。与吸食香烟不同，吸食水烟在家庭和社会层面都被接受。本研究旨在探讨青少年在未来6个月内吸食水烟的意愿与知识、态度以及父母和社会影响之间的关联。
这是对2007年一项全国性调查中1028个家庭的二次数据分析。本研究涉及258名不吸烟的青少年及其父母。研究获得了同意，并经贝鲁特美国大学机构审查委员会批准。进行了面对面访谈。进行了描述性分析，并得出了粗比值比和调整后的比值比。
在双变量层面，青春期后期、母亲未受过大学教育、青少年之前有过水烟吸食经历、最好的朋友和父母的水烟吸食习惯以及青少年和父母较低的态度得分与吸烟意愿相关。在调整后的模型中，青少年对积极影响的信念、最好的朋友的相似习惯以及之前的吸烟经历仍然显著（各自的比值比[95%置信区间]：1.81[1.33 - 2.45]、2.51[1.24 - 5.10]、4.91[2.35 - 10.36]）。父母对吸烟的感知态度具有保护作用（比值比：0.57[0.39 - 0.83]）。
青少年的吸烟意愿受到父母宽容态度和同伴压力的高度影响。应针对这两个群体开展干预措施，并限制青少年获得吸烟的机会。
