Ramji Rathi, Nilsson Maria, Arnetz Bengt, Wiklund Ywonne, Arnetz Judy
a Department of Caring Science , Malmö Universitet , Malmo , Sweden.
b Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Epidemiology and Global Health , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden.
Subst Use Misuse. 2019;54(3):514-524. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2018.1521429. Epub 2019 Jan 26.
Waterpipe use amongst adolescents is on the rise globally. Thus, there is a need to understand adolescents 'attitudes towards and perceptions of waterpipe use in order to develop specific interventions against this form of tobacco use.
Focus group interviews were conducted among 37 Swedish adolescents (14 boys and 23 girls) from grades 10 to 12. Waterpipe users and nonusers were interviewed separately, with two groups each for users and nonusers. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and thematically analyzed using content analysis.
Six themes emerged including taking a stand, weighing the risks, Lack of knowledge, Social context, Waterpipe new and unknown, and Family influence. Taking a stand was about being able to stand up for one's owns views rather than giving in to peer pressure to smoke waterpipe. Participants feared harming others via secondhand smoke and expressed criticism of the tobacco industry. Participants considered the health consequences and feared addiction. Lack of knowledge concerning health effects of waterpipe smoking due to the unavailability of credible information was also reported. Waterpipe smoking was considered a social event carried out in the company of friends. Perceived as novel and fun, waterpipe was smoked out of curiosity. Parents' and siblings' smoking behaviors influenced adolescent waterpipe use.
Adolescents reported lacking information about the possible health effects of waterpipe smoking and that gaining such knowledge would make it easier for them to take a stand and refuse smoking waterpipe. Prevention strategies should focus on providing adolescents with factual information about the dangers of waterpipe use.
全球青少年吸食水烟的现象呈上升趋势。因此，有必要了解青少年对水烟使用的态度和看法，以便制定针对这种烟草使用形式的具体干预措施。
对37名瑞典10至12年级的青少年（14名男孩和23名女孩）进行了焦点小组访谈。水烟使用者和非使用者分别接受访谈，使用者和非使用者各分为两组。访谈进行了录音、转录，并采用内容分析法进行主题分析。
出现了六个主题，包括表明立场、权衡风险、知识匮乏、社会背景、水烟新颖且未知以及家庭影响。表明立场是指能够坚持自己的观点，而不是屈服于同伴吸食水烟的压力。参与者担心通过二手烟伤害他人，并对烟草行业提出批评。参与者考虑了健康后果并担心成瘾。还报告了由于缺乏可靠信息，对水烟吸食的健康影响缺乏了解。水烟吸食被视为在朋友陪伴下进行的社交活动。水烟被认为新颖有趣，出于好奇而吸食。父母和兄弟姐妹的吸烟行为影响青少年水烟使用。
青少年报告称缺乏关于水烟吸食可能对健康产生影响的信息，获得这些知识将使他们更容易表明立场并拒绝吸食水烟。预防策略应侧重于向青少年提供关于水烟使用危害的事实信息。
