Hatipoglu M, Barutcigil C
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2015 Mar-Apr;18(2):213-20. doi: 10.4103/1119-3077.151044.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential effects of laser irradiation, which is commonly performed in periodontal surgery, on the surfaces of restorative materials.
Five different restorative dental materials were used in this study, as follows: (1) Resin composite, (2) poly acid-modified resin composite (compomer), (3) conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC), (4) resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC), and (5) amalgam. Four cylindrical samples (8 mm diameter, 2 mm height) were prepared for each restorative material. In addition, four freshly extracted, sound human incisors teeth were selected. Two different laser systems commonly used in periodontal surgery were examined in this study: A 810 nm diode laser at a setting of 1 W with continuous-phase laser irradiation for 10 s, and an erbium-and chromium-doped yttrium scandium gallium garnet (Er, Cr: YSGG) laser at settings of 2.5 W, 3.25 W, and 4 W with 25 Hz laser irradiation for 10 s. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was performed to evaluate the morphology and surface deformation of the restorative materials and tooth surfaces.
According to the SEM images, the Er, Cr: YSGG laser causes irradiation markings that appear as demineralized surfaces on tooth samples. The Er, Cr: YSGG laser also caused deep defects on composite, compomer, and RMGIC surfaces because of its high power, and the ablation was deeper for these samples. High-magnification SEM images of GIC samples showed the melting and combustion effects of the Er, Cr: YSGG laser, which increased as the laser power was increased. In amalgam samples, neither laser left significant harmful effects at the lowest power setting. The diode laser did cause irradiation markings, but they were insignificant compared with those left by the Er, Cr: YSGG laser on the surfaces of the different materials and teeth.
Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that Er, Cr: YSGG laser irradiation could cause distortions of the surfaces of restorative materials. Diode lasers can be preferred for periodontal surgery.
本研究旨在评估牙周手术中常用的激光照射对修复材料表面的潜在影响。
本研究使用了五种不同的牙科修复材料，如下：（1）树脂复合材料；（2）聚酸改性树脂复合材料（复合体）；（3）传统玻璃离子水门汀（GIC）；（4）树脂改性玻璃离子水门汀（RMGIC）；（5）汞合金。每种修复材料制备四个圆柱形样本（直径8毫米，高2毫米）。此外，选取四颗新鲜拔除的健康人切牙。本研究检测了牙周手术中常用的两种不同激光系统：一台810纳米二极管激光，设置为1瓦，连续相位激光照射10秒；一台掺铒铬钇钪镓石榴石（Er, Cr: YSGG）激光，设置为2.5瓦、3.25瓦和4瓦，25赫兹激光照射10秒。进行扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析以评估修复材料和牙齿表面的形态及表面变形情况。
根据SEM图像，Er, Cr: YSGG激光会导致照射痕迹，在牙齿样本上表现为脱矿表面。由于其高功率，Er, Cr: YSGG激光还会在复合材料、复合体和RMGIC表面造成深度缺陷，且这些样本的烧蚀更深。GIC样本的高倍SEM图像显示了Er, Cr: YSGG激光的熔化和燃烧效应，且随着激光功率增加而增强。在汞合金样本中，在最低功率设置下两种激光均未留下明显有害影响。二极管激光确实会导致照射痕迹，但与Er, Cr: YSGG激光在不同材料和牙齿表面留下的痕迹相比并不明显。
在本研究的局限性范围内，可以得出结论，Er, Cr: YSGG激光照射可能会导致修复材料表面变形。二极管激光可优先用于牙周手术。
