Alkatheeri Mohammed S, Palasuk Jadesada, Eckert George J, Platt Jeffrey A, Bottino Marco C
Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), 1121 W. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
Clin Oral Investig. 2015 Nov;19(8):1905-12. doi: 10.1007/s00784-015-1413-8. Epub 2015 Feb 10.
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Halloysite® aluminosilicate clay nanotube (HNT) incorporation into a two-step etch-and-rinse (ER) and a one-step self-etch (SE) adhesive on human dentin shear bond strength (SBS).
Ten groups (n = 12) were prepared according to the adhesive system (i.e., ER or SE) and amount of HNT incorporated (5-20%, w/v), as follows: commercial control (i.e., the adhesive was used as purchased, 0% HNT); experimental control (i.e., the adhesive was processed through mixing/stirring and sonication similarly to the HNT-incorporated experimental groups, but without HNT); and 5, 10, and 20% HNT. SBS testing was performed after 24 h of storage in deionized water at 37 °C. Failure modes were examined using a stereomicroscope (×40). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the resin-dentin interface of selected specimens was carried out.
Two-way ANOVA revealed that incorporation of HNT up to 20% (w/v) in ER and up to 10% (w/v) in SE demonstrated an increased SBS compared to their experimental controls. Compared to the commercial control, SBS of HNT-modified dentin adhesives was not significantly different for ER adhesives (p > 0.05) but was significantly higher with 5% HNT in the SE adhesive (p < 0.05). Failure modes were predominantly adhesive and mixed failures. SEM micrographs of resin-dentin interfaces for ER-commercial control and ER-10% showed a similar morphology. A thicker adhesive layer and the presence of agglomerated HNT on the resin tags were seen in ER-10%. An increased number of short resin tags in SE-5% compared with SE-commercial control were observed.
HNT addition up to 20% in ER and up to 10 % in SE showed increased SBS to dentin compared with the experimental control.
HNT can be used not only to reinforce adhesive resins but also hold potential for the development of bioactive adhesives by the encapsulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors or anticariogenic agents.
本研究旨在评估将埃洛石®硅铝酸盐粘土纳米管（HNT）添加到两步酸蚀冲洗（ER）和一步自酸蚀（SE）粘结剂中对人牙本质剪切粘结强度（SBS）的影响。
根据粘结剂系统（即ER或SE）和HNT添加量（5 - 20%，w/v）制备10组（n = 12），如下：商业对照（即按购买原样使用粘结剂，0% HNT）；实验对照（即粘结剂的处理方式与添加HNT的实验组类似，通过混合/搅拌和超声处理，但不添加HNT）；以及5%、10%和20% HNT。在37℃去离子水中储存24小时后进行SBS测试。使用体视显微镜（×40）检查失效模式。对选定标本的树脂 - 牙本质界面进行扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察。
双向方差分析显示，在ER粘结剂中添加高达20%（w/v）的HNT以及在SE粘结剂中添加高达10%（w/v）的HNT，与各自的实验对照相比，SBS有所增加。与商业对照相比，HNT改性牙本质粘结剂的SBS在ER粘结剂中无显著差异（p > 0.05），但在SE粘结剂中添加5% HNT时显著更高（p < 0.05）。失效模式主要为粘结性和混合性失效。ER - 商业对照和ER - 10%的树脂 - 牙本质界面的SEM微观照片显示出相似的形态。在ER - 10%中可见较厚的粘结剂层以及树脂标签上存在团聚的HNT。与SE - 商业对照相比，观察到SE - 5%中短树脂标签数量增加。
与实验对照相比，在ER粘结剂中添加高达20%的HNT以及在SE粘结剂中添加高达10%的HNT可使牙本质的SBS增加。
HNT不仅可用于增强粘结树脂，还具有通过包封基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）抑制剂或防龋剂来开发生物活性粘结剂的潜力。
