Allaker Robert P, Ian Douglas C W
a Oral Microbiology; Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry; Queen Mary University of London ; London, UK.
Virulence. 2015;6(3):196-207. doi: 10.4161/21505594.2014.983783.
As our knowledge of host-microbial interactions within the oral cavity increases, future treatments are likely to be more targeted. For example, efforts to target a single species or key virulence factors that they produce, while maintaining the natural balance of the resident oral microbiota that acts to modulate the host immune response would be an advantage. Targeted approaches may be directed at the black-pigmented anaerobes, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia, associated with periodontitis. Such pigments provide an opportunity for targeted phototherapy with high-intensity monochromatic light. Functional inhibition approaches, including the use of enzyme inhibitors, are also being explored to control periodontitis. More general disruption of dental plaque through the use of enzymes and detergents, alone and in combination, shows much promise. The use of probiotics and prebiotics to improve gastrointestinal health has now led to an interest in using these approaches to control oral disease. More recently the potential of antimicrobial peptides and nanotechnology, through the application of nanoparticles with biocidal, anti-adhesive and delivery capabilities, has been explored. The aim of this review is to consider the current status as regards non-conventional treatment approaches for oral infections with particular emphasis on the plaque-related diseases.
随着我们对口腔内宿主与微生物相互作用的了解不断增加，未来的治疗可能会更具针对性。例如，在维持有助于调节宿主免疫反应的口腔常驻微生物群自然平衡的同时，针对单一物种或它们产生的关键毒力因子的努力将具有优势。靶向方法可能针对与牙周炎相关的黑色色素厌氧菌牙龈卟啉单胞菌和中间普氏菌。这些色素为高强度单色光的靶向光疗提供了机会。包括使用酶抑制剂在内的功能抑制方法也在探索中，以控制牙周炎。单独或联合使用酶和洗涤剂对牙菌斑进行更广泛的破坏显示出很大的前景。使用益生菌和益生元改善胃肠道健康，现已引发人们对利用这些方法控制口腔疾病的兴趣。最近，人们探索了抗菌肽和纳米技术的潜力，即应用具有杀菌、抗粘附和递送能力的纳米颗粒。本综述的目的是考虑口腔感染非常规治疗方法的现状，特别强调与牙菌斑相关的疾病。
