Munguia Pablo
School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
Biol Lett. 2015 Feb;11(2):20140864. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2014.0864.
Spatially structured habitats challenge populations to have positive growth rates and species often rely on dispersing propagules to occupy habitats outside their fundamental niche. Most marine species show two main life stages, a dispersing stage and a sedentary stage affecting distribution and abundance patterns. An experimental study on Corophium acherusicum, a colonial tube-building amphipod, showed the strong influence that a source population can have on new habitats. More importantly, this study shows the effect of temporal sinks where newly established populations can show reduced growth rates if the propagule supply from a source is removed. Sink populations had a reduction in abundance and became male-biased as females left colonies. The consequences arising from short-term dispersal and temporal sinks could be due to different selection pressures at the source and sink populations. These consequences can become reflected in long-term dynamics of marine populations if we shift focus to non-random dispersal models incorporating behaviour and stage-dependent dispersal.
空间结构化的栖息地对种群实现正增长率构成挑战，物种通常依靠传播体扩散来占据其基础生态位之外的栖息地。大多数海洋物种呈现两个主要生活阶段，一个扩散阶段和一个定居阶段，这影响着分布和丰度模式。一项针对群居管栖双足虾类阿氏角跳虾（Corophium acherusicum）的实验研究表明，源种群对新栖息地可能产生强大影响。更重要的是，这项研究显示了临时汇的影响，如果切断来自源地的传播体供应，新建立的种群可能会出现增长率下降。汇种群的丰度降低，且由于雌性离开群体而出现雄性偏多的情况。短期扩散和临时汇产生的后果可能是由于源种群和汇种群面临不同的选择压力。如果我们将重点转向纳入行为和阶段依赖性扩散的非随机扩散模型，这些后果可能会反映在海洋种群的长期动态中。
