Granato Daniel, Koot Alex, Schnitzler Egon, van Ruth Saskia M
RIKILT-Inst. of Food Safety, Wageningen Univ. and Research Centre, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen Univ. and Research Centre, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Dept. of Food Engineering, State Univ. of Ponta Grossa, Av. Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, 84030-900, Ponta Grossa, Brazil.
J Food Sci. 2015 Mar;80(3):C584-93. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.12794. Epub 2015 Feb 10.
The main goal of this work was to propose an authentication model based on the phenolic composition and antioxidant and metal chelating capacities of purple grape juices produced in Brazil and Europe in order to assess their typicality. For this purpose, organic, conventional, and biodynamic grape juices produced in Brazil (n = 65) and in Europe (n = 31) were analyzed and different multivariate class-modeling and classification statistical techniques were employed to differentiate juices based on the geographical origin and crop system. Overall, Brazilian juices, regardless of the crop system adopted, presented higher contents of total phenolic compounds and flavonoids, total monomeric anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, flavonols, flavanols, cyanidin-3-glucoside, delphinidin-3-glucoside, and malvidin-3,5-glucoside. No differences were observed for trans-resveratrol, malvidin-3-glucoside, and pelargonidin-3-glucoside between countries and among crop systems. A total of 91% of Brazilian and 97% of European juices were adroitly classified using partial least squares discriminant analysis when the producing region was considered (92% efficiency), in which the free-radical scavenging activity toward 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, content of total phenolic compounds, gallic acid, and malvidin-3-glucoside were the variables responsible for the classification. Intraregional models based on soft independent modeling of class analogy were able to differentiate organic from conventional Brazilian juices as well as conventional and organic/biodynamic European juices.
这项工作的主要目标是基于巴西和欧洲生产的紫葡萄汁的酚类成分、抗氧化和金属螯合能力提出一种认证模型，以评估其典型性。为此，对巴西（n = 65）和欧洲（n = 31）生产的有机、传统和生物动力葡萄汁进行了分析，并采用了不同的多元类建模和分类统计技术，以根据地理来源和种植系统区分果汁。总体而言，无论采用何种种植系统，巴西果汁中的总酚类化合物、黄酮类化合物、总单体花青素、原花青素、黄酮醇、黄烷醇、矢车菊素 - 3 - 葡萄糖苷、飞燕草素 - 3 - 葡萄糖苷和锦葵色素 - 3,5 - 葡萄糖苷含量更高。各国之间以及种植系统之间，反式白藜芦醇、锦葵色素 - 3 - 葡萄糖苷和天竺葵色素 - 3 - 葡萄糖苷未观察到差异。当考虑生产地区时，使用偏最小二乘判别分析对91%的巴西果汁和97%的欧洲果汁进行了准确分类（效率为92%），其中对2,2 - 二苯基 - 1 - 苦基肼自由基的清除活性、总酚类化合物含量、没食子酸和锦葵色素 - 3 - 葡萄糖苷是负责分类的变量。基于类类比软独立建模的区域内模型能够区分巴西的有机果汁和传统果汁，以及欧洲的传统果汁和有机/生物动力果汁。
