Shafaie Yasmine, Hoffman Daniel J, Tepper Beverly J
Department of Food Science, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-0231, United States.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States.
Appetite. 2015 Jun;89:196-202. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2015.02.009. Epub 2015 Feb 9.
Taste blindness to the bitterness of PROP (6-n-propylthiouracil) has been used as a genetic marker for food selection and adiposity. We have shown that PROP non-taster (NT) women have higher BMIs and habitually consume more fat and energy than either medium-taster (MT) or super-taster (ST) women. These data imply that differences in dietary selection underlie the body weight differences among PROP taster groups. However, no studies investigated energy compensation in women classified by PROP status. We investigated if NTs would compensate less accurately for the calories and fat in a high-fat soup preload in a subsequent test meal compared to MTs and STs. Energy intake from a buffet meal was measured in 75 healthy non-diet-restrained, lean women 30 min after the ingestion of a high-fat soup preload (0.8 kcal/g; 55% calories from fat), calculated to represent 10% of resting energy expenditure for each subject, or the same volume of water. Subjects (n = 20-28/taster group) ate a standard breakfast followed 3 hr later by an ad-libitum buffet lunch, on two occasions. There were no differences in energy intake or macronutrient selection across taster groups after water. After soup, NTs consumed more energy than STs. Fat intake (as %-energy) was higher in NTs (46.4% ± 2.4) compared to either MTs (36.1 ± 1.9%) or STs (38.1% ± 2.3; p < 0.05). NTs overate by 11% ± 5 after the soup compared to MTs and STs who underrate by 16% ± 6 and 26% ± 10, respectively (p < 0.01). These data suggest that small discrepancies in short-term energy compensation and selection of fat after a mixed-nutrient, high-fat preload may play a role in positive energy balance and increased adiposity in women with the PROP non-taster phenotype.
对6-正丙基硫氧嘧啶（PROP）苦味的味觉失敏已被用作食物选择和肥胖的遗传标记。我们已经表明，PROP非尝味者（NT）女性的体重指数（BMI）更高，并且习惯性地比中度尝味者（MT）或超级尝味者（ST）女性摄入更多的脂肪和能量。这些数据表明，饮食选择的差异是PROP尝味者群体之间体重差异的基础。然而，没有研究调查按PROP状态分类的女性的能量补偿情况。我们研究了与MT和ST相比，NT在随后的测试餐中对高脂汤预负荷中的卡路里和脂肪的补偿是否不太准确。在75名健康、非节食限制、体型瘦的女性摄入高脂汤预负荷（0.8千卡/克；55%的卡路里来自脂肪）30分钟后，测量她们自助餐的能量摄入量，该预负荷计算为代表每个受试者静息能量消耗的10%，或者相同体积的水。受试者（每组n = 20 - 28人）分两次先吃标准早餐，3小时后再随意吃自助餐午餐。摄入水后，各尝味者群体的能量摄入量或宏量营养素选择没有差异。摄入汤后，NT摄入的能量比ST多。与MT（36.1%±1.9%）或ST（38.1%±2.3%；p < 0.05）相比，NT的脂肪摄入量（占能量的百分比）更高（46.4%±2.4）。与MT和ST分别低估16%±6和26%±10相比，NT在摄入汤后多吃了11%±5（p < 0.01）。这些数据表明，在混合营养、高脂预负荷后，短期能量补偿和脂肪选择上的小差异可能在具有PROP非尝味者表型的女性的正能量平衡和肥胖增加中起作用。
