Guo Ling-Yu, McGregor Karla K, Spencer Linda J
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2015 Jun;58(3):987-1000. doi: 10.1044/2015_JSLHR-H-14-0135.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether children with cochlear implants (CIs) are sensitive to statistical characteristics of words in the ambient spoken language, whether that sensitivity changes in expected ways as their spoken lexicon grows, and whether that sensitivity varies with unilateral or bilateral implantation.
We analyzed archival data collected from the parents of 36 children who received cochlear implantation (20 unilateral, 16 bilateral) before 24 months of age. The parents reported their children's word productions 12 months after implantation using the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories: Words and Sentences (Fenson et al., 1993). We computed the number of words, out of 292 possible monosyllabic nouns, verbs, and adjectives, that each child was reported to say and calculated the average phonotactic probability, neighborhood density, and word frequency of the reported words.
Spoken vocabulary size positively correlated with average phonotactic probability and negatively correlated with average neighborhood density, but only in children with bilateral CIs.
At 12 months postimplantation, children with bilateral CIs demonstrate sensitivity to statistical characteristics of words in the ambient spoken language akin to that reported for children with normal hearing during the early stages of lexical development. Children with unilateral CIs do not.
本研究旨在确定接受人工耳蜗植入（CI）的儿童是否对周围口语中单词的统计特征敏感，这种敏感性是否会随着他们口语词汇量的增长而以预期的方式变化，以及这种敏感性是否因单侧或双侧植入而有所不同。
我们分析了从36名在24个月前接受人工耳蜗植入的儿童（20名单侧植入，16名双侧植入）的父母那里收集的存档数据。父母们在植入后12个月使用《麦克阿瑟交流发展量表：单词和句子》（Fenson等人，1993年）报告了他们孩子的单词产出情况。我们计算了在292个可能的单音节名词、动词和形容词中，每个孩子被报告说出的单词数量，并计算了所报告单词的平均音位组合概率、邻域密度和词频。
口语词汇量与平均音位组合概率呈正相关，与平均邻域密度呈负相关，但仅在双侧人工耳蜗植入的儿童中如此。
在植入后12个月，双侧人工耳蜗植入的儿童对周围口语中单词的统计特征表现出敏感性，类似于在词汇发展早期阶段听力正常的儿童所报告的情况。单侧人工耳蜗植入的儿童则不然。
