Cantey Joseph B, Milstone Aaron M
Division of Neonatal/Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 200 North Wolfe Street, Room 3141, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Clin Perinatol. 2015 Mar;42(1):1-16, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2014.10.002. Epub 2014 Dec 12.
Bloodstream infections in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are associated with many adverse outcomes in infants, including increased length of stay and cost, poor neurodevelopmental outcomes, and death. Attention to the insertion and maintenance of central lines, along with careful review of when the catheters can be safely discontinued, can minimize central-line-associated bloodstream infections rates. Good antibiotic stewardship can further decrease the incidence of bloodstream infections, minimize the emergence of drug-resistant organisms or Candida as pathogens in the NICU, and safeguard the use of currently available antibiotics for future infants.
新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）中的血流感染与婴儿的许多不良后果相关，包括住院时间延长和费用增加、神经发育不良后果以及死亡。关注中心静脉导管的插入和维护，以及仔细审查何时可以安全地拔除导管，可将中心静脉导管相关血流感染率降至最低。良好的抗生素管理可以进一步降低血流感染的发生率，最大限度地减少NICU中耐药菌或念珠菌作为病原体的出现，并保障目前可用抗生素对未来婴儿的使用。
