经颅磁刺激设备诱导电场分布的实验特性。
Experimental Characterization of the Electric Field Distribution Induced by TMS Devices.
机构信息
Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland; BioMag Laboratory, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Aalto TMS Laboratory, Aalto Neuroimaging, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland; Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland; BioMag Laboratory, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Aalto TMS Laboratory, Aalto Neuroimaging, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.
出版信息
Brain Stimul. 2015 May-Jun;8(3):582-9. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2015.01.004. Epub 2015 Jan 12.
BACKGROUND
In transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) a strong, brief current pulse driven through a coil is used for non-invasively stimulating the cortex. Properties of the electric field (E-field) induced by the pulse together with physiological parameters determine the outcome of the stimulation. In research and clinical use, TMS is delivered using a wide range of different coils and stimulator units, all having their own characteristics; however, the parameters of the induced E-field are often inadequately known by the user.
OBJECTIVE
To better understand how the use of a specific TMS device may affect the resulting cortical stimulation, our objective was to develop an instrument for automated measurement of the E-fields induced by TMS coils in spherically symmetric conductors approximating the head.
METHODS
We built a saline-free, robotized measurement tool based on the triangle construction. The 5-mm-wide measurement probe allows complete sampling of the induced E-field at the studied depth. We used the instrument to characterize TMS coils and stimulators made by two companies.
RESULTS
The measurements revealed that all tested stimulators performed as expected, but we also found significant differences between the different stimulators. Measurements of different coil specimens of the same stimulator models agreed with each other.
CONCLUSION
The presented TMS calibrator allows a straightforward characterization of the E-fields induced by TMS coils. By performing measurements using this kind of a tool helps in ensuring that an investigator knows the properties of the E-field.
背景
在经颅磁刺激（TMS）中，通过线圈驱动强而短暂的电流脉冲，用于非侵入性地刺激皮质。脉冲引起的电场（E 场）的特性以及生理参数决定了刺激的结果。在研究和临床应用中，TMS 使用各种不同的线圈和刺激器单元进行传输，这些线圈和刺激器单元都有其自身的特点；然而，用户通常对诱导的 E 场参数知之甚少。
目的
为了更好地了解特定 TMS 设备的使用如何影响皮质刺激的结果，我们的目标是开发一种仪器，用于自动测量球形对称导体中 TMS 线圈诱导的 E 场，该导体近似于头部。
方法
我们构建了一种基于三角形构造的无盐水、机器人测量工具。5 毫米宽的测量探头允许在研究深度处对诱导的 E 场进行完全采样。我们使用该仪器对两家公司制造的 TMS 线圈和刺激器进行了表征。
结果
测量结果表明，所有测试的刺激器都按预期运行，但我们也发现了不同刺激器之间的显著差异。同一刺激器模型的不同线圈样本的测量结果相互一致。
结论
所提出的 TMS 校准器允许对 TMS 线圈诱导的 E 场进行直接表征。通过使用这种工具进行测量有助于确保研究人员了解 E 场的特性。
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