Medeiros Gustavo, Grant Jon, Tavares Hermano
Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, Rua Padre João Manuel, 173. Ap 71, São Paulo, SP, 01411-001, Brazil.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
J Gambl Stud. 2016 Mar;32(1):231-41. doi: 10.1007/s10899-015-9527-0.
Gambling is currently widespread across the globe and despite legally restricted, it is significantly common in Brazil. A traditional and common form of gambling in Brazil is the Brazilian animal game (BAG)--"Jogo do bicho" in Portuguese. In 2013, BAG activities collected approximately 19 billion Brazilian reais--equivalent to more than 8 billon American dollars, a figure almost 60 % higher than legal lotteries. Although a common form of gambling, the gambling behavior and psychopathology of gambling disorder (GD) associated with BAG has never been systematically studied. The aim of this study is to conduct, the first research approaching GD due to BAG. We assessed 897 participants of whom 63 subjects (7.0 %) presented with GD due to BAG and 834 with GD associated with other forms of gambling. After comparing these two groups, major differences were found in demographics, gambling behavior elements and psychopathological variables. This research reinforces the need for further research on BAG and the need for specific approaches in GD. The particularities of BAG may affect treatment strategies as, for example, suggest some adaptations in social and psychotherapeutic approaches. We also highlight the need to acknowledge the "hidden" BAG as a potential addictive game.
赌博目前在全球广泛存在，尽管受到法律限制，但在巴西仍然非常普遍。巴西一种传统且常见的赌博形式是巴西动物游戏（BAG）——葡萄牙语为“Jogo do bicho”。2013年，BAG活动募集了约190亿巴西雷亚尔——相当于超过80亿美元，这一数字比合法彩票高出近60%。尽管BAG是一种常见的赌博形式，但与BAG相关的赌博行为和赌博障碍（GD）的精神病理学从未得到系统研究。本研究的目的是首次对因BAG导致的GD进行研究。我们评估了897名参与者，其中63名受试者（7.0%）因BAG患有GD，834名因其他形式的赌博患有GD。在比较这两组后，发现人口统计学、赌博行为要素和精神病理学变量存在重大差异。本研究强调了对BAG进行进一步研究的必要性以及对GD采取特定方法的必要性。BAG的特殊性可能会影响治疗策略，例如，建议在社会和心理治疗方法上进行一些调整。我们还强调需要认识到“隐藏的”BAG是一种潜在的成瘾性游戏。
