Roy Ananda L, Singer Dinah S
Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Trends Biochem Sci. 2015 Mar;40(3):165-71. doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2015.01.007. Epub 2015 Feb 10.
Early studies established that transcription initiates within an approximately 50 bp DNA segment capable of nucleating the assembly of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and associated general transcription factors (GTFs) necessary for transcriptional initiation; this region is called a core promoter. Subsequent analyses identified a series of conserved DNA sequence elements, present in various combinations or not at all, in core promoters. Recent genome-wide analyses have provided further insights into the complexity of core promoter architecture and function. Here we review recent studies that delineate the active role of core promoters in the transcriptional regulation of diverse physiological systems.
早期研究表明，转录起始于一段约50 bp的DNA片段内，该片段能够促使RNA聚合酶II（Pol II）以及转录起始所需的相关通用转录因子（GTF）组装；这个区域被称为核心启动子。随后的分析在核心启动子中鉴定出一系列保守的DNA序列元件，它们以各种组合形式存在或根本不存在。最近的全基因组分析进一步揭示了核心启动子结构和功能的复杂性。在这里，我们回顾了最近的研究，这些研究描绘了核心启动子在多种生理系统转录调控中的积极作用。
