日粮中添加纤维和使用粗粒玉米可上调肉鸡消化系统中消化酶和营养转运蛋白基因的表达。
Upregulation of genes encoding digestive enzymes and nutrient transporters in the digestive system of broiler chickens by dietary supplementation of fiber and inclusion of coarse particle size corn.
机构信息
Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Elm Avenue, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia.
Animal production, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Duhok, Duhok, Kurdistan, 42003, Iraq.
出版信息
BMC Genomics. 2018 Mar 20;19(1):208. doi: 10.1186/s12864-018-4592-2.
BACKGROUND
Measures to improve bird performance have been sought due to the imminent phase out of in-feed antibiotics in poultry and continued demand for higher poultry feeding efficiency. Increasing grain particle size and dietary fibre may improve gizzard function, digestive efficiency and nutrient absorption. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect increased particle size of corn and inclusion of sugarcane bagasse (SB) on mRNA expression of genes encoding digestive enzymes and nutrient transporters in broilers.
RESULTS
A total of 336 day-old Ross 308 males were assigned in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with corn particle size - coarse 3576 μm or fine 1113 μm geometric mean diameter, and SB - 0 or 2% inclusion. Feed conversion ratio (FCR), weight gain and feed intake were measured from d 0-10 and d 10-24. The relative gizzard weight and mRNA expression of genes encoding digestive enzymes and intestinal nutrient transporters were measured on d 24. During d 10-24, a particle size × SB interaction was observed for FCR (P < 0.01), where birds fed coarsely ground corn (CC) with 2% SB had lower FCR than those fed CC without SB. A particle size × SB interaction was observed for both expression of pepsinogen A and C (P < 0.01) which were negatively correlated with FCR on d 24. Addition of 2% SB upregulated pepsinogen A and C only in CC fed birds. Further, 2% SB also upregulated pancreatic amylase (AMY2A) and intestinal cationic amino acid transporter-1 (CAT1). Inclusion of dietary CC upregulated duodenal amino peptidase N (APN), jejunal alanine, serine, cysteine and threonine transporter-1 (ASCT1), and ileal peptide transporter-2 (PepT2).
CONCLUSION
These results suggest that both SB and coarse particle size modulate expression of genes encoding important digestive enzymes and nutrient transporters and thus are directly related to bird performance. These findings provide insights into the combination effects of dietary fiber and particle size in the future management of broiler feeding.
背景
由于禽用饲料中即将停止使用抗生素以及持续需要提高家禽的饲养效率，因此人们一直在寻找提高禽类生产性能的方法。增加谷物颗粒大小和膳食纤维可能会改善肌胃功能、消化效率和营养吸收。本研究旨在评估玉米颗粒大小增加和添加甘蔗渣（SB）对肉鸡消化酶和养分转运载体基因表达的影响。
结果
336 只 1 日龄罗斯 308 雄性肉鸡被随机分配到 2×2 因子处理设计中，处理因素为玉米颗粒大小-粗 3576μm 或细 1113μm 几何平均直径，以及 SB-0 或 2%添加量。在 0-10 日龄和 10-24 日龄期间，测量饲料转化率（FCR）、体重增加和采食量。在 24 日龄时，测量相对肌胃重量和编码消化酶和肠道养分转运载体的基因的 mRNA 表达。在 10-24 日龄期间，FCR 观察到颗粒大小×SB 互作（P<0.01），其中饲喂粗磨玉米（CC）+2%SB 的肉鸡的 FCR 低于未添加 SB 的 CC 组。在 24 日龄时，胃蛋白酶原 A 和 C 的表达观察到颗粒大小×SB 互作（P<0.01），并且与 FCR 呈负相关。添加 2%SB 仅在饲喂 CC 的肉鸡中上调胃蛋白酶原 A 和 C 的表达。此外，2%SB 还上调了胰腺淀粉酶（AMY2A）和肠道阳离子氨基酸转运体-1（CAT1）的表达。饲粮中添加 CC 上调了十二指肠氨基肽酶 N（APN）、空肠丙氨酸、丝氨酸、半胱氨酸和苏氨酸转运体-1（ASCT1）和回肠肽转运体-2（PepT2）的表达。
结论
这些结果表明，SB 和粗颗粒大小均可调节重要消化酶和养分转运载体的基因表达，因此与禽类生产性能直接相关。这些发现为今后肉鸡饲养中膳食纤维和颗粒大小的组合效应提供了新的见解。
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