Ben Hassine Sihem, Ben Ameur Walid, Eljarrat Ethel, Barceló Damià, Touil Soufiane, Driss Mohamed Ridha
Laboratory of Heteroatom Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia.
Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
Environ Res. 2015 Apr;138:32-7. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.01.016. Epub 2015 Feb 14.
Methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-PBDEs) were determined in 36 human milk samples collected in 2010 from healthy mothers living in Bizerte region from Tunisia. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry working with negative ion chemical ionization (GC-NCI-MS) was used to identify and quantify residue levels on a lipid basis of organo-brominated compounds. Among the 8 examined MeO-PBDE congeners 6-MeO-BDE-47, 2'-MeO-BDE-68, 4'-MeO-BDE-49 and 5'-MeO-BDE-100 were detected in human milk at different levels and frequencies. This is the first study reporting 5'-MeO-BDE-100 and 4'-MeO-BDE-49 levels in human milk samples. Levels of ∑MeO-PBDEs ranged from 0.23 to 4.70ngg(-)(1) lipid weight (lw) in the samples, with a mean and median value of 1.52 and 1.11ngg(-1)lw respectively. Concentrations of ∑MeO-PBDEs in human milk were negatively correlated with age of primapara mothers (p<0.05) and no age-dependency was observed for multipara mothers. Primapara mothers had higher levels of MeO-PBDEs than multipara mothers however no statistical significance was observed. A weak correlation between ∑PBDEs and ∑MeO-PBDEs was found but not between BDE-47 and its methoxylated analog 6-MeO-BDE-47, suggesting differences in exposure pathways for these contaminants in humans and further supporting the hypothesis that MeO-PBDEs were likely not only originated from PBDE precursors.
对2010年从突尼斯比塞大地区健康母亲处采集的36份母乳样本中的甲氧基多溴二苯醚（MeO-PBDEs）进行了测定。采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪，结合负离子化学电离模式（GC-NCI-MS），以脂质为基础对有机溴化合物的残留水平进行鉴定和定量。在所检测的8种MeO-PBDE同系物中，6-MeO-BDE-47、2'-MeO-BDE-68、4'-MeO-BDE-49和5'-MeO-BDE-100在母乳中被检测到，其含量水平和出现频率各不相同。这是首次报道母乳样本中5'-MeO-BDE-100和4'-MeO-BDE-49含量的研究。样本中∑MeO-PBDEs的含量范围为0.23至4.70ng g⁻¹脂质重量（lw），平均值和中值分别为1.52和1.11ng g⁻¹ lw。母乳中∑MeO-PBDEs的浓度与初产妇母亲的年龄呈负相关（p<0.05），经产妇母亲未观察到年龄依赖性。初产妇母亲的MeO-PBDEs水平高于经产妇母亲，但未观察到统计学意义。发现∑PBDEs与∑MeO-PBDEs之间存在弱相关性，但BDE-47与其甲氧基化类似物6-MeO-BDE-47之间不存在相关性，这表明这些污染物在人体中的暴露途径存在差异，并进一步支持了MeO-PBDEs可能不仅源自PBDE前体的假设。
