Obermeier Christian, Kelly Spencer D, Gunter Thomas C
Max-Planck-Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Department of Neuropsychology, Leipzig, Germany and.
Colgate University, Department of Psychology, NY 13346, Hamilton, USA.
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2015 Sep;10(9):1236-43. doi: 10.1093/scan/nsv011. Epub 2015 Feb 16.
In face-to-face communication, speech is typically enriched by gestures. Clearly, not all people gesture in the same way, and the present study explores whether such individual differences in gesture style are taken into account during the perception of gestures that accompany speech. Participants were presented with one speaker that gestured in a straightforward way and another that also produced self-touch movements. Adding trials with such grooming movements makes the gesture information a much weaker cue compared with the gestures of the non-grooming speaker. The Electroencephalogram was recorded as participants watched videos of the individual speakers. Event-related potentials elicited by the speech signal revealed that adding grooming movements attenuated the impact of gesture for this particular speaker. Thus, these data suggest that there is sensitivity to the personal communication style of a speaker and that affects the extent to which gesture and speech are integrated during language comprehension.
在面对面交流中,言语通常会通过手势得到丰富。显然,并非所有人的手势方式都相同,本研究探讨了在感知伴随言语的手势时,是否会考虑到这种手势风格的个体差异。研究人员向参与者展示了一位以直接方式做手势的说话者和另一位也会进行自我触摸动作的说话者。与不做修饰动作的说话者的手势相比,增加带有此类修饰动作的试验会使手势信息成为一个弱得多的线索。当参与者观看各个说话者的视频时,记录他们的脑电图。由语音信号引发的事件相关电位显示,添加修饰动作会减弱手势对这位特定说话者的影响。因此,这些数据表明,对说话者的个人交流风格存在敏感性,并且这会影响在语言理解过程中手势与言语整合的程度。