Stolorow Robert D
2444 Wilshire Blvd., #624, Santa Monica, CA 90403. E-mail:
Psychoanal Rev. 2015 Feb;102(1):123-38. doi: 10.1521/prev.2015.102.1.123.
After a brief overview of the author's phenomenological-contextualist psychoanalytic perspective, the paper traces the evolution of the author's conception of emotional trauma over the course of three decades, as it developed in concert with his efforts to grasp his own traumatized states and his studies of existential philosophy. The author illuminates two of trauma's essential features: (1) its context-embeddedness-painful or frightening affect becomes traumatic when it cannot find a context of emotional understanding in which it can be held and integrated, and (2) its existential significance-emotional trauma shatters our illusions of safety and plunges us into an authentic Being-toward-death, wherein we must face up to our finitude and the finitude of all those we love. The paper also describes the impact of trauma on the phenomenology of time and the sense of alienation from others that accompanies traumatic temporality. The author contends that the proper therapeutic comportment toward trauma is a form of emotional dwelling. He concludes with a discussion of the implications of all these formulations for the development of an ethics of finitude.
在简要概述作者的现象学-情境主义精神分析视角之后，本文追溯了作者在三十年时间里情感创伤概念的演变，这一演变与他努力理解自身受创伤状态以及对存在主义哲学的研究同步发展。作者阐明了创伤的两个基本特征：（1）其情境嵌入性——当痛苦或恐惧的情感无法找到一个能让其被容纳和整合的情感理解情境时，就会变成创伤；（2）其存在意义——情感创伤打破我们对安全的幻想，使我们陷入一种真实的向死而生的状态，在这种状态下我们必须直面自己的有限性以及我们所爱之人的有限性。本文还描述了创伤对时间现象学的影响以及伴随创伤性时间性而来的与他人疏离感。作者认为，对待创伤的恰当治疗态度是一种情感栖居形式。他最后讨论了所有这些阐述对有限性伦理学发展的意义。
