Barteit Sandra, Hoepffner Philip, Huwendiek Sören, Karamagi Angela, Munthali Charles, Theurer Antje, Neuhann Florian
Heidelberg University, Institute of Public Health, Heidelberg, Germany.
University Hospital of Würzburg, Clinic and Polyclinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Würzburg, Germany.
GMS Z Med Ausbild. 2015 Feb 11;32(1):Doc7. doi: 10.3205/zma000949. eCollection 2015.
Malawi faces a severe lack of health workers. Despite initiatives to address this problem, a critical shortage of health care staff remains. This lack challenges the education and training of junior medical staff, especially medical interns in their final and crucial training year before they independently work as medical doctors.
We have introduced an e-learning platform in the medical department of the Kamuzu Central Hospital (KCH) in Malawi. With the support of computer-assisted instruction, we aimed to improve the quality of medical training and education, as well as access to current medical materials, in particular for interns.
From March to April 2012, we conducted a qualitative evaluation to assess relevance and appropriateness of the e-learning platform. Data was collected via face-to-face interviews, a guided group discussion and a checklist based observation log. Evaluation data was recorded and coded using content analysis, interviewees were chosen via purposive sampling.
E-learning proved to be technically feasible in this setting. Users considered the e-learning platform to be relevant and appropriate. Concerns were raised about sustainability, accessibility and technical infrastructure, as well as limited involvement and responsibilities of Malawian partners. Interest in e-learning was high, yet, awareness of and knowledge about the e-learning platform among potential users was low. Evaluation results indicated that further adaptions to local needs are necessary to increase usage and accessibility.
Interview results and our project experiences showed that, in the given setting, e-learning requires commitment from local stakeholders, adequate technical infrastructure, identification and assignation of responsibilities, as well as specific adaption to local needs.
马拉维面临着卫生工作者严重短缺的问题。尽管已采取举措解决这一问题，但医护人员的严重短缺仍然存在。这种短缺对初级医务人员的教育和培训构成了挑战，尤其是对处于最后关键培训年、即将独立行医的医学实习生而言。
我们在马拉维的卡木祖中央医院（KCH）医学部引入了一个电子学习平台。在计算机辅助教学的支持下，我们旨在提高医学培训和教育的质量，以及获取当前医学资料的机会，特别是为实习生提供便利。
2012年3月至4月，我们进行了一次定性评估，以评估电子学习平台的相关性和适用性。通过面对面访谈、引导式小组讨论和基于清单的观察日志收集数据。使用内容分析法对评估数据进行记录和编码，通过目的抽样选择受访者。
在这种情况下，电子学习在技术上被证明是可行的。用户认为电子学习平台具有相关性和适用性。人们对可持续性、可及性和技术基础设施，以及马拉维合作伙伴的有限参与和责任表示担忧。对电子学习的兴趣很高，但潜在用户对电子学习平台的认识和了解程度较低。评估结果表明，有必要进一步根据当地需求进行调整以提高使用率和可及性。
访谈结果和我们的项目经验表明，在给定的环境中，电子学习需要当地利益相关者的承诺、充足的技术基础设施、责任的明确和分配，以及针对当地需求的具体调整。
