Alhamlan Fatimah S, Al-Qahtani Ahmed A, Al-Ahdal Mohammed N
King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2015 Feb 19;9(2):128-35. doi: 10.3855/jidc.6101.
The effect of human activities on water resources has expanded dramatically during the past few decades, leading to the spread of waterborne microbial pathogens. The total global health impact of human infectious diseases associated with pathogenic microorganisms from land-based wastewater pollution was estimated to be approximately three million disability-adjusted life years (DALY), with an estimated economic loss of nearly 12 billion US dollars per year. Although clean water is essential for healthy living, it is not equally granted to all humans. Indeed, people who live in developing countries are challenged every day by an inadequate supply of clean water. Polluted water can lead to health crises that in turn spread waterborne pathogens. Taking measures to assess the water quality can prevent these potential risks. Thus, a pressing need has emerged in developing countries for comprehensive and accurate assessments of water quality. This review presents current and emerging advanced techniques for assessing water quality that can be adopted by authorities in developing countries.
在过去几十年里，人类活动对水资源的影响急剧扩大，导致水传播微生物病原体扩散。据估计，与陆基废水污染中致病微生物相关的人类传染病对全球健康的总体影响约为300万个伤残调整生命年（DALY），每年估计经济损失近120亿美元。尽管清洁水对健康生活至关重要，但并非所有人都能平等获得。事实上，生活在发展中国家的人们每天都面临着清洁水供应不足的挑战。受污染的水会引发健康危机，进而传播水传播病原体。采取措施评估水质可以预防这些潜在风险。因此，发展中国家迫切需要对水质进行全面、准确的评估。本综述介绍了发展中国家当局可以采用的当前和新兴的先进水质评估技术。
