Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2015 May 15;288:140-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.02.015. Epub 2015 Feb 7.
Lead exposure via ingestion of soil and dust generally occurs at lead-acid battery manufacturing and recycling sites. Screening solidification/stabilization (S/S) amendments suitable for lead contaminated soil in an abandoned lead-acid battery factory site was conducted based on its chemical forms and environmental risks. Twelve amendments were used to immobilize the Pb in soil and assess the solidification/stabilization efficiency by toxicity leaching tests. The results indicated that three amendments, KH₂PO₄ (KP), KH₂PO₄:oyster shell power=1:1 (by mass ratio; SPP), and KH₂PO₄:sintered magnesia=1:1 (by mass ratio; KPM) had higher remediation efficiencies that led to a 92% reduction in leachable Pb with the addition of 5% amendments, while the acid soluble fraction of Pb (AS-Pb) decreased by 41-46% and the residual fraction (RS-Pb) increased by 16-25%. The S/S costs of the three selected amendments KP, SPP, and KPM could be controlled to $22.3 per ton of soil when the Pb concentration in soil ranged from 2000 to 3000 mg/kg. The results of this study demonstrated that KP, SPP, and KPM can effectively decrease bioavailability of Pb. These findings could provide basis for decision-making of S/S remediation of lead-acid battery contaminated sites.
通过摄入土壤和灰尘导致的铅暴露通常发生在铅酸电池制造和回收现场。基于化学形态和环境风险，对废弃的铅酸电池厂场地中受铅污染的土壤进行了筛选合适的固化/稳定化（S/S）改良剂。使用了十二种改良剂来固定土壤中的 Pb，并通过毒性浸出试验评估固化/稳定化效率。结果表明，三种改良剂 KH₂PO₄（KP）、KH₂PO₄:牡蛎壳粉=1:1（按质量比；SPP）和 KH₂PO₄:烧结氧化镁=1:1（按质量比；KPM）具有较高的修复效率，可将添加 5%改良剂后可浸出 Pb 的含量降低 92%，而 Pb 的酸溶部分（AS-Pb）减少了 41-46%，残余部分（RS-Pb）增加了 16-25%。当土壤中 Pb 浓度在 2000-3000mg/kg 范围内时，三种选定的改良剂 KP、SPP 和 KPM 的 S/S 成本可控制在每吨土壤 22.3 美元。本研究结果表明 KP、SPP 和 KPM 可有效降低 Pb 的生物利用度。这些发现可为铅酸电池污染场地的 S/S 修复决策提供依据。
