Research Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, #639 Longmian Dadao, Nanjing 211198, China.
Research Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, #639 Longmian Dadao, Nanjing 211198, China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2015 Apr 22;164:328-33. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.02.036. Epub 2015 Feb 19.
The root of Aster tataricus L. f., recorded in all versions of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, is a traditional Chinese medicine with the function of dispelling phlegm and relieving cough for more than 2000 years. This study was designed to evaluate the expectorant, antitussive, and anti-inflammatory activities of the root of A. tataricus and to explore the chemical substances responsible for these activities.
The 70% ethanol extract of the root of A. tataricus (RA-70) was divided into three fractions, Fr-0, Fr-50 and Fr-95. They were all orally administrated to the mice to investigate their potential expectorant activities by a tracheal phenol red secretion method. The most effective fraction, together with shionone, was evaluated the expectorant, antitussive and anti-inflammatory activities by the mouse models of phenol red secretion, ammonia-induced cough, and xylene-induced ear swelling. Furthermore, the chemical components of the effective fraction were analyzed and identified by an HPLC-Q-TOF/MS method.
Treatment with RA-70, Fr-0 and Fr-50 increased the amount of phenol red secretion by 65.3%, 56.5%, and 76.9%, respectively. Fr-50 was chosen for the further investigation and the results showed that Fr-50 at 40, 80 mg/kg significantly enhanced the phenol red secretion of tracheas, increased the latent period and decreased the frequency of cough and inhibited the ear edema in mice. Shionone at 80 mg/kg showed the trend of enhancing sputum secreting, but had no effect on ammonia-induced cough and xylene-induced ear edema. HPLC-Q-TOF/MS analysis indicated that Fr-50 was mainly composed of 12 caffeoylquinic acids (40.8%, in relative peak area), 7 astersaponins (12.0%) and 13 astins/asterinins (pentapeptides, 26.5%).
The root of A. tataricus has significant expectorant, antitussive and anti-inflammatory effects. Caffeoylquinic acids, astersaponins, and aster peptides, rather than shionone, may be the main constituents responsible for the expectorant and antitussive activities of A. tataricus and act in a synergistic way.
紫菀属 Aster tataricus L. f. 的根，在中国所有版本的《药典》中均有记载，是一种具有 2000 多年祛痰止咳功效的传统中药。本研究旨在评估紫菀根的祛痰、镇咳和抗炎活性，并探索其具有这些活性的化学物质。
紫菀根的 70%乙醇提取物（RA-70）分为三个馏分，Fr-0、Fr-50 和 Fr-95。它们均通过气管酚红分泌法口服给药，以评估其潜在的祛痰活性。最有效的馏分与 shionone 一起通过小鼠酚红分泌、氨诱导咳嗽和二甲苯诱导耳肿胀模型评估其祛痰、镇咳和抗炎活性。此外，采用 HPLC-Q-TOF/MS 方法分析和鉴定有效馏分的化学成分。
RA-70、Fr-0 和 Fr-50 处理分别使酚红分泌量增加 65.3%、56.5%和 76.9%。Fr-50 被选择用于进一步研究，结果表明 Fr-50 在 40、80mg/kg 时显著增强了气管酚红分泌，增加了潜伏期，减少了咳嗽的频率，并抑制了小鼠的耳肿胀。Shionone 在 80mg/kg 时表现出增强痰液分泌的趋势，但对氨诱导咳嗽和二甲苯诱导耳肿胀无影响。HPLC-Q-TOF/MS 分析表明，Fr-50 主要由 12 种咖啡酰奎宁酸（相对峰面积 40.8%）、7 种紫菀皂苷（12.0%）和 13 种 Asterin/asterinin（五肽，26.5%）组成。
紫菀根具有显著的祛痰、镇咳和抗炎作用。咖啡酰奎宁酸、紫菀皂苷和 Asterin/asterinin（五肽），而不是 shionone，可能是紫菀具有祛痰和镇咳作用的主要成分，并以协同方式发挥作用。
