Flynn JoAnne L, Gideon Hannah P, Mattila Joshua T, Lin Philana Ling
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Immunol Rev. 2015 Mar;264(1):60-73. doi: 10.1111/imr.12258.
Non-human primates, primarily macaques, have been used to study tuberculosis for decades. However, in the last 15 years, this model has been refined substantially to allow careful investigations of the immune response and host-pathogen interactions in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Low-dose challenge with fully virulent strains in cynomolgus macaques result in the full clinical spectrum seen in humans, including latent and active infection. Reagents from humans are usually cross-reactive with macaques, further facilitating the use of this model system to study tuberculosis. Finally, macaques develop the spectrum of granuloma types seen in humans, providing a unique opportunity to investigate bacterial and host factors at the local (lung and lymph node) level. Here, we review the past decade of immunology and pathology studies in macaque models of tuberculosis.
几十年来，非人类灵长类动物，主要是猕猴，一直被用于研究结核病。然而，在过去15年中，该模型得到了大幅改进，以便能够仔细研究结核分枝杆菌感染中的免疫反应和宿主-病原体相互作用。用完全有毒力的菌株对食蟹猴进行低剂量攻击会导致出现人类中所见的完整临床谱，包括潜伏感染和活动性感染。来自人类的试剂通常与猕猴具有交叉反应性，这进一步促进了利用该模型系统来研究结核病。最后，猕猴会形成人类中所见的各种肉芽肿类型，这为在局部（肺和淋巴结）水平研究细菌和宿主因素提供了独特的机会。在此，我们回顾过去十年在猕猴结核病模型中的免疫学和病理学研究。
