Luthman J, Friskopp J, Dahllöf G, Ahlström U, Sjöström L, Johansson O
J Periodontal Res. 1989 Jul;24(4):267-78. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1989.tb01792.x.
Immunohistochemical methods have been used to study the occurrence of neuronal markers in human gingiva from periodontitis-affected sites. In periodontitis-affected buccal gingiva densely distributed neurofilament (NF)-immunoreactive (IR) fiber bundles were observed in the deeper parts of the propria, while NF-IR single fibers occurred in the superficial propria and occasionally in the buccal epithelium. Periodontitis-affected gingiva obtained from interproximal sites showed only sparsely distributed NF-IR fibers. Single nerve fibers immuno-reactive to the peptides substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide occurred close to or within the epithelium in both buccal and interproximal gingiva. Around blood vessels neuropeptide Y-, peptide histidine-isoleucine amide- and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-IR fibers were occasionally observed, while clusters of gamma-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-IR cells were found in the propria, in addition to gamma-melanocyte-stimulating hormone IR nerve fibers. Somatostatin-IR dendritic cells were seen in epithelium and propria of buccal and interproximal gingiva, although a high variability in the number of SOM-IR cells was observed. All neuronal markers studied showed a similar distribution in material obtained from young patients with clinically healthy gingivae, although the number of NF-IR fibers in the propria in these subjects was lower. The results demonstrate that in gingiva obtained from periodontitis-affected sites several different biologically active peptides occur in both nerve fibers and cells. At least some of these substances could possible play a role in the inflammatory process. However, since clinically normal gingiva was shown to contain nerve fibers and cells expressing immunoreactivity to the substances studied, no unique periodontitis-induced expression of the neuronal markers studied was found. Thus, any alteration of these substances during the periodontitis process remains to be elucidated.
免疫组织化学方法已被用于研究牙周炎患部人类牙龈中神经元标志物的出现情况。在牙周炎患部的颊侧牙龈中，在固有层较深处观察到密集分布的神经丝（NF）免疫反应性（IR）纤维束，而NF-IR单纤维出现在固有层浅层，偶尔也出现在颊侧上皮中。从邻面部位获取的牙周炎患部牙龈仅显示稀疏分布的NF-IR纤维。对P物质和降钙素基因相关肽有免疫反应的单神经纤维在颊侧和邻面牙龈的上皮附近或上皮内出现。在血管周围偶尔观察到神经肽Y、肽组氨酸异亮氨酸酰胺和血管活性肠多肽免疫反应性纤维，而除了γ-黑素细胞刺激素免疫反应性神经纤维外，在固有层还发现了γ-黑素细胞刺激素免疫反应性细胞簇。在颊侧和邻面牙龈的上皮及固有层中可见生长抑素免疫反应性树突状细胞，尽管观察到生长抑素免疫反应性细胞数量有很大差异。在从临床健康牙龈的年轻患者获取的组织中，所有研究的神经元标志物都显示出相似的分布，尽管这些受试者固有层中NF-IR纤维的数量较少。结果表明，在从牙周炎患部获取的牙龈中，几种不同的生物活性肽存在于神经纤维和细胞中。这些物质中至少有一些可能在炎症过程中起作用。然而，由于临床正常牙龈显示含有对所研究物质具有免疫反应性的神经纤维和细胞，未发现所研究的神经元标志物有独特的牙周炎诱导表达。因此，这些物质在牙周炎过程中的任何变化仍有待阐明。
