Dental Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada.
Biomolecules. 2023 Jul 31;13(8):1193. doi: 10.3390/biom13081193.
Periradicular tissues have a rich supply of peripheral afferent neurons, also known as nociceptive neurons, originating from the trigeminal nerve. While their primary function is to relay pain signals to the brain, these are known to be involved in modulating innate and adaptive immunity by initiating neurogenic inflammation (NI). Studies have investigated neuroanatomy and measured the levels of biomolecules such as cytokines and neuropeptides in human saliva, gingival crevicular fluid, or blood/serum samples in apical periodontitis (AP) to validate the possible role of trigeminal nociceptors in inflammation and tissue regeneration. However, the contributions of nociceptors and the mechanisms involved in the neuro-immune interactions in AP are not fully understood. This narrative review addresses the complex biomolecular interactions of trigeminal nociceptors with macrophages, the effector cells of the innate immune system, in the clinical manifestations of AP.
根尖周组织有丰富的外周传入神经元（也称为伤害感受神经元）供应，这些神经元起源于三叉神经。虽然它们的主要功能是将疼痛信号传递到大脑，但已知它们通过引发神经源性炎症（NI）参与调节先天和适应性免疫。研究已经调查了神经解剖学，并测量了生物分子（如细胞因子和神经肽）在人类唾液、牙龈沟液或根尖周病（AP）的血清/血浆样本中的水平，以验证三叉神经伤害感受器在炎症和组织再生中的可能作用。然而，伤害感受器的贡献以及 AP 中神经免疫相互作用涉及的机制尚不完全清楚。本叙述性综述探讨了三叉神经伤害感受器与先天免疫系统的效应细胞巨噬细胞之间的复杂生物分子相互作用，在 AP 的临床表现中。
