Fukushima Nobuyuki, Ishii Shoichi, Tsujiuchi Toshifumi, Kagawa Nao, Katoh Kazutaka
Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Life Science, Kinki University, Higashiosaka, 577-8502, Japan,
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2015 Jun;72(12):2377-94. doi: 10.1007/s00018-015-1872-8. Epub 2015 Mar 4.
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lipid mediator that activates G protein-coupled LPA receptors to exert fundamental cellular functions. Six LPA receptor genes have been identified in vertebrates and are classified into two subfamilies, the endothelial differentiation genes (edg) and the non-edg family. Studies using genetically engineered mice, frogs, and zebrafish have demonstrated that LPA receptor-mediated signaling has biological, developmental, and pathophysiological functions. Computational analyses have also identified several amino acids (aa) critical for LPA recognition by human LPA receptors. This review focuses on the evolutionary aspects of LPA receptor-mediated signaling by comparing the aa sequences of vertebrate LPA receptors and LPA-producing enzymes; it also summarizes the LPA receptor-dependent effects commonly observed in mouse, frog, and fish.
溶血磷脂酸（LPA）是一种生物活性脂质介质，可激活G蛋白偶联的LPA受体以发挥基本的细胞功能。在脊椎动物中已鉴定出六个LPA受体基因，并分为两个亚家族，即内皮分化基因（edg）和非edg家族。使用基因工程小鼠、青蛙和斑马鱼的研究表明，LPA受体介导的信号传导具有生物学、发育和病理生理功能。计算分析还确定了几个人类LPA受体识别LPA所必需的氨基酸（aa）。本综述通过比较脊椎动物LPA受体和LPA产生酶的氨基酸序列，重点关注LPA受体介导信号传导的进化方面；它还总结了在小鼠、青蛙和鱼类中常见的LPA受体依赖性效应。
