Mazziotti Gherardo, Chiavistelli Silvia, Giustina Andrea
Endocrinology, University of Brescia, Via Biseo 17, Brescia 25123, Italy.
Endocrinology, University of Brescia, Via Biseo 17, Brescia 25123, Italy.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2015 Mar;44(1):171-80. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2014.10.014. Epub 2014 Nov 4.
Pituitary hormones have direct and indirect effects on bone remodeling, and skeletal fragility is a frequent complication of pituitary diseases. Fragility fractures may occur in many patients with prolactinomas, acromegaly, Cushing disease, and hypopituitarism. As in other forms of secondary osteoporosis, pituitary diseases generally affect bone quality more than bone quantity, and fractures may occur even in the presence of normal or low-normal bone mineral density, making difficult the prediction of fractures in these settings. Treatment of excess and defective pituitary hormone generally improves skeletal health, although some patients remain at high risk for fractures, necessitating treatment with bone-active drugs.
垂体激素对骨重塑有直接和间接影响，骨骼脆性是垂体疾病的常见并发症。许多催乳素瘤、肢端肥大症、库欣病和垂体功能减退患者可能发生脆性骨折。与其他形式的继发性骨质疏松症一样，垂体疾病通常对骨质量的影响大于对骨量的影响，即使骨矿物质密度正常或略低于正常，骨折仍可能发生，这使得在这些情况下预测骨折变得困难。尽管一些患者骨折风险仍然很高，需要使用骨活性药物进行治疗，但垂体激素过多或缺乏的治疗通常可改善骨骼健康。
