Doğan Keziban, Güraslan Hakan, Özel Gül, Aydan Zerrin, Yaşar Levent
Bakırköy Eğitim Araştırma Hastanesi, Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Kliniği, İstanbul, Türkiye.
Turkiye Parazitol Derg. 2014 Dec;38(4):228-33. doi: 10.5152/tpd.2014.3435.
We retrospectively evaluated the rate of Toxoplasma gondii, rubella, syphilis, cytomegalovirus, and hepatitis B in Istanbul to compare these results with those of other literature and to contribute to the national screening program.
The study was conducted in 2011 with women in the first trimester of pregnancy, with ages ranging between 16 and 48 years, in Bakırköy Training and Research Hospital's outpatient pregnancy clinic between January 2008 and January 2013. The mean age of pregnant women was 28.12±5.53, and the mean gravidity was 1.76+0.84.The seropositivities of T. gondii IgM and IgG, cytomegalovirus IgM and IgG, rubella IgM and IgG, VDRL (syphilis), HbsAg, anti-HBsAg were evaluated by ELISA method and evaluated in relation with age and parity.
The seropositivity rates were as follows: T. gondii IgM: 0.8%, T. gondii IgG: 31.4%, cytomegalovirus IgM: 0.8%, cytomegalovirus IgG: 99.3%, rubella IgM: 0.2%, rubella IgG: 95.7%, VDRL: 0%, HbsAg: 1.2%, and anti-HbsAg: 26.3%. Also, pregnant women with T. gondii IgG(+) were older than pregnant women with T. gondii IgG(-), and this was statistically significant (p<0.005). Pregnant women with anti-HbsAg(+) were older than pregnant women with anti-HbsAg IgG(-), and this was statistically significant (p<0.005). Also, pregnant women with anti-HbsAg(+) had higher gravidity rates than pregnant women with anti-HbsAg(-), and this was statistically significant (p<0.005).
To protect from perinatally transmitted diseases, vaccination programs against rubella and hepatitis B should be extended, and educational programs including the whole country should be arranged. Screening of high-risk pregnant women will be more appropriate when considering the financial charges of screening programs performed for early detection of perinatal infections and for protecting the fetus.
我们回顾性评估了伊斯坦布尔弓形虫、风疹、梅毒、巨细胞病毒和乙型肝炎的感染率，以将这些结果与其他文献进行比较，并为国家筛查计划做出贡献。
该研究于2011年在巴克尔柯伊培训与研究医院的门诊妊娠诊所对年龄在16至48岁之间的孕早期妇女进行，研究时间为2008年1月至2013年1月。孕妇的平均年龄为28.12±5.53岁，平均妊娠次数为1.76 + 0.84次。采用酶联免疫吸附测定法评估弓形虫IgM和IgG、巨细胞病毒IgM和IgG、风疹IgM和IgG、性病研究实验室试验（梅毒）、乙肝表面抗原、抗乙肝表面抗原的血清阳性率，并与年龄和产次相关联进行评估。
血清阳性率如下：弓形虫IgM：0.8%，弓形虫IgG：31.4%，巨细胞病毒IgM：0.8%，巨细胞病毒IgG：99.3%，风疹IgM：0.2%，风疹IgG：95.7%，性病研究实验室试验：0%，乙肝表面抗原：1.2%，抗乙肝表面抗原：26.3%。此外，弓形虫IgG（+）的孕妇比弓形虫IgG（-）的孕妇年龄大，且具有统计学意义（p<0.005）。抗乙肝表面抗原（+）的孕妇比抗乙肝表面抗原IgG（-）的孕妇年龄大，且具有统计学意义（p<0.005）。而且，抗乙肝表面抗原（+）的孕妇妊娠次数高于抗乙肝表面抗原（-）的孕妇，且具有统计学意义（p<0.005）。
为预防围产期传播疾病，应扩大风疹和乙型肝炎疫苗接种计划，并安排覆盖全国的教育计划。考虑到为早期检测围产期感染和保护胎儿而进行的筛查计划的财务费用，对高危孕妇进行筛查更为合适。
