Jiménez-Gayosso Sandra Isabel, Medina-Solís Carlo Eduardo, Lara-Carrillo Edith, Scougal-Vilchis Rogelio José, de la Rosa-Santillana Rubén, Márquez-Rodríguez Sonia, Mendoza-Rodríguez Martha, Navarrete-Hernández José de Jesús
Área Académica de Odontología, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, Hgo.
Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Odontología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Edo. de México.
Gac Med Mex. 2015 Jan-Feb;151(1):27-33.
To determine the prevalence and the existence of socioeconomic inequalities in dental health service utilization (DHSU) any time in the life of Mexican schoolchildren aged 6-12 years of Pachuca Hidalgo, Mexico.
We performed a cross-sectional study in 1,404 school children 6-12 years of age from 14 public schools in the city of Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico. Questionnaires were distributed to determine socioeconomic position variables (SEP). The dependent variable was DHSU once in life (0 = No, 1 = Yes). The analysis was performed in Stata 9 using chi-square tests.
The mean age was 8.97 ± 1.99 years, 50.1% were boys. The prevalence of DHSU any time in life was 71.4%. The DHSU percentage increased according increasing age (p < 0.05). Significant differences (p < 0.05) in percentages of USSB through SEP variables: health insurance, car ownership in the home, dwelling and household characteristics, a better level of SEP increased prevalence of DHSU. Although in the mother's schooling no differences were observed (p > 0.05), father's schooling was associated (p < 0.05) inversely to expectations.
The findings of this study demonstrate that the prevalence of DHSU was not 100%; 28.6% of children have never had contact with a dentist. We identified certain indicator variables of SEP associated with DHSU, indicating the existence of inequalities in this oral health indicator.
确定墨西哥伊达尔戈州帕丘卡市6至12岁学童一生中任何时候牙科保健服务利用（DHSU）的患病率及社会经济不平等情况。
我们对墨西哥伊达尔戈州帕丘卡市14所公立学校的1404名6至12岁学童进行了横断面研究。发放问卷以确定社会经济地位变量（SEP）。因变量是一生中是否有过DHSU（0 = 否，1 = 是）。使用卡方检验在Stata 9中进行分析。
平均年龄为8.97±1.99岁，50.1%为男孩。一生中任何时候DHSU的患病率为71.4%。DHSU百分比随年龄增长而增加（p < 0.05）。通过SEP变量（健康保险、家中汽车拥有情况、居住和家庭特征）在USSB百分比上存在显著差异（p < 0.05），SEP水平越高，DHSU患病率越高。尽管在母亲受教育程度方面未观察到差异（p > 0.05），但父亲受教育程度与预期相反存在关联（p < 0.05）。
本研究结果表明，DHSU的患病率并非100%；28.6%的儿童从未看过牙医。我们确定了与DHSU相关的某些SEP指标变量，表明在这一口腔健康指标中存在不平等现象。
