Villalobos-Rodelo Juan José, Lucas-Rincón Salvador Eduardo, Jimenez-Gayosso Sandra Isabel, Hernández-Martínez Cesar Tadeo, Márquez-Corona María de Lourdes, Pontigo-Loyola América Patricia, Medina-Solís Carlo Eduardo, Maupomé Gerardo
Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Security and Services for Government Workers, Culiacan, Mexico.
School of Dentistry at Autonomous, University of Sinaloa, Culiacan, Mexico.
J Immigr Minor Health. 2022 Apr;24(2):351-359. doi: 10.1007/s10903-021-01171-1. Epub 2021 Mar 11.
The objective of the present study was to characterize socioeconomic inequalities in the patterns of professionally applied topical fluoride (PATF) in Mexican schoolchildren. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 3029 Mexican schoolchildren. A questionnaire was administered to caregivers to determine sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral variables. The dependent variable was prevalence of PATF, coded as 0 = without PATF and 1 = with PATF, at any point in life, and separately, in the previous year. Various indicators of socioeconomic position were included. Logistic regression was used in the final multivariate analysis. The prevalence of PATF any time in life was 33.8%, while in the previous year it was 11.4%. The variables associated (p < 0.05) with PATF any time in life were child's older age (OR = 1.12), older age when tooth brushing started (OR = 1.57), higher brushing frequency (OR = 1.60), having health insurance [public (OR = 1.61) or private (OR = 1.45)], if family owned a car (OR = 1.29) and better socioeconomic position [parents' education, second (OR = 1.48) and third (OR = 1.75) tertile]. For PATF in the previous year, the variables associated were older age of mother (OR = 1.03), older age when tooth brushing started (OR = 1.99), higher brushing frequency (OR = 1.68), having health insurance [public (OR = 1.62)] and better socioeconomic position (parents' education, second (OR = 1.57) and third (OR = 1.97) tertile). This study suggests the existence of socioeconomic inequalities in PATF, manifested through socioeconomic position, access to health insurance and household having a car. Identifying and addressing PATF inequalities would improve oral health in the child population.
本研究的目的是描述墨西哥学童专业应用局部用氟（PATF）模式中的社会经济不平等情况。对3029名墨西哥学童进行了一项横断面研究。向照料者发放问卷，以确定社会人口统计学、社会经济和行为变量。因变量是PATF的患病率，编码为0 =无PATF，1 =有PATF，分别在一生中的任何时候以及前一年进行统计。纳入了各种社会经济地位指标。在最终的多变量分析中使用了逻辑回归。一生中任何时候PATF的患病率为33.8%，而前一年为11.4%。与一生中任何时候PATF相关（p < 0.05）的变量有儿童年龄较大（OR = 1.12）、开始刷牙时年龄较大（OR = 1.57）、刷牙频率较高（OR = 1.60）、有医疗保险[公共（OR = 1.61）或私人（OR = 1.45）]、家庭拥有汽车（OR = 1.29）以及社会经济地位较好[父母教育程度，第二（OR = 1.48）和第三（OR = 1.75）三分位数]。对于前一年的PATF，相关变量有母亲年龄较大（OR = 1.03）、开始刷牙时年龄较大（OR = 1.99）、刷牙频率较高（OR = 1.68）、有医疗保险[公共（OR = 1.62）]以及社会经济地位较好（父母教育程度，第二（OR = 1.57）和第三（OR = 1.97）三分位数）。本研究表明，PATF中存在社会经济不平等，表现为社会经济地位、获得医疗保险和家庭拥有汽车情况。识别并解决PATF不平等问题将改善儿童群体的口腔健康。
