Fox-Rabinovich G, Kovalev A, Veldhuis S, Yamamoto K, Endrino J L, Gershman I S, Rashkovskiy A, Aguirre M H, Wainstein D L
Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W. Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada.
Surface Phenomena Research Group, CNIICHERMET, 9/23, 2-nd Baumanskaya Street, Moscow 105005, Russia.
Sci Rep. 2015 Mar 5;5:8780. doi: 10.1038/srep08780.
Atomic-scale, tribo-ceramic films associated with dissipative structures formation are discovered under extreme frictional conditions which trigger self-organization. For the first time, we present an actual image of meta-stable protective tribo-ceramics within thicknesses of a few atomic layers. A mullite and sapphire structure predominates in these phases. They act as thermal barriers with an amazing energy soaking/dissipating capacity. Less protective tribo-films cannot sustain in these severe conditions and rapidly wear out. Therefore, a functional hierarchy is established. The created tribo-films act in synergy, striving to better adapt themselves to external stimuli. Under a highly complex structure and non-equilibrium state, the upcoming generation of adaptive surface engineered nano-multilayer materials behaves like intelligent systems - capable of generating, with unprecedented efficiency, the necessary tribo-films to endure an increasingly severe environment.
在引发自组织的极端摩擦条件下，发现了与耗散结构形成相关的原子尺度摩擦陶瓷薄膜。我们首次展示了几原子层厚度内亚稳保护性摩擦陶瓷的实际图像。在这些相中，莫来石和蓝宝石结构占主导。它们作为热障，具有惊人的能量吸收/耗散能力。保护性较差的摩擦薄膜在这些严苛条件下无法维持，会迅速磨损。因此，建立了功能层次结构。所形成的摩擦薄膜协同作用，努力更好地适应外部刺激。在高度复杂的结构和非平衡状态下，新一代自适应表面工程纳米多层材料表现得像智能系统——能够以前所未有的效率生成必要的摩擦薄膜，以承受日益严苛的环境。
