Nelson L, Cariello L
Department of Physiology, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo 43699.
Gamete Res. 1989 Nov;24(3):291-302. doi: 10.1002/mrd.1120240306.
The noradrenergic agonists norepinephrine and isoproterenol elicit greater stimulatory swimming responses in sea urchin spermatozoa than epinephrine. The beta-blocker atenolol induces an even greater motile rate, while the alpha-blocker phentolamine has only a moderate effect, it also causes a minimal reduction in the sperm cells' response to atenolol. Caffeine increases the motility but to a lesser degree than 8-Br-cAMP. In drug interaction assays, both caffeine and 8-Br-cAMP depress the adrenergic effects. Agents that affect access of calcium to the flagellar apparatus (verapamil and trifluoperazine) depress the motility below the level of the controls when incubated separately with the sperm suspensions and counteract the stimulation due to atenolol. Adrenergic modulation of sperm motility thus appears to be both a calcium-dependent and a cyclic nucleotide-dependent process.
去甲肾上腺素能激动剂去甲肾上腺素和异丙肾上腺素比肾上腺素在海胆精子中引发更大的刺激游泳反应。β受体阻滞剂阿替洛尔诱导出更高的运动速率，而α受体阻滞剂酚妥拉明只有适度作用，它也使精子细胞对阿替洛尔的反应有最小程度的降低。咖啡因增加运动性，但程度低于8-溴-cAMP。在药物相互作用试验中，咖啡因和8-溴-cAMP都抑制肾上腺素能效应。影响钙进入鞭毛装置的药物（维拉帕米和三氟拉嗪）在与精子悬浮液单独孵育时将运动性抑制到低于对照水平，并抵消阿替洛尔引起的刺激。因此，肾上腺素能对精子运动的调节似乎既是一个钙依赖性过程，也是一个环核苷酸依赖性过程。
