Mendonça Gerfeson, Júnior José Cazuza de Farias
a Post-Graduation Associated Program in Physical Education - UPE/UFPB , Brazil.
J Sports Sci. 2015;33(18):1942-51. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2015.1020842. Epub 2015 Mar 9.
Little is known about the influence of different types and sources of social support on physical activity in adolescents. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between physical activity and different types and sources of social support in adolescents. The sample consisted of 2,859 adolescents between 14-19 years of age in the city of João Pessoa, in Northeastern Brazil. Physical activity was measured with a questionnaire and social support from parents and friends using a 10-item scale five for each group (type of support: encouragement, joint participation, watching, inviting, positive comments and transportation). Multivariable analysis showed that the types of support provided by parents associated with physical activity in adolescents were encouragement for females (P < 0.001) and adolescents between 14-16 years of age (P = 0.003), and transportation (P = 0.014) and comments (P = 0.037) for males. The types of social support provided by friends were: joint participation in male adolescents (P < 0.001) and in these 17-19-year-olds (P < 0.001), and comments in both genders (males: P = 0.009; females: P < 0.001) and 14-16-year-olds (P < 0.001). We conclude that the type of social support associated with physical activity varies according to its source, as well as the gender and age of the adolescents.
关于不同类型和来源的社会支持对青少年身体活动的影响，目前所知甚少。本研究的目的是分析青少年身体活动与不同类型和来源的社会支持之间的关联。样本包括巴西东北部若昂佩索阿市2859名14至19岁的青少年。通过问卷调查来衡量身体活动情况，采用一个10项量表来衡量来自父母和朋友的社会支持，每组（支持类型：鼓励、共同参与、观看、邀请、积极评价和交通支持）各有5项。多变量分析显示，与青少年身体活动相关的父母提供的支持类型有：对女性的鼓励（P < 0.001）以及对14至16岁青少年的鼓励（P = 0.003），对男性的交通支持（P = 0.014）和评价（P = 0.037）。朋友提供的社会支持类型有：男性青少年的共同参与（P < 0.001）以及17至19岁青少年的共同参与（P < 0.001），以及对两性（男性：P = 0.009；女性：P < 0.001）和14至16岁青少年（P < 0.001）的评价。我们得出结论，与身体活动相关的社会支持类型因来源以及青少年的性别和年龄而异。
