Genov N, Llop P, López M M, Bobev S G, Álvarez B
Plant Protection Department, Institute of Viticulture and Enology (IVE), Pleven, Bulgaria.
Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Moncada, Valencia, Spain.
J Appl Microbiol. 2015 Jun;118(6):1465-77. doi: 10.1111/jam.12791. Epub 2015 Apr 9.
To molecularly and phenotypically characterize a selection of Agrobacterium-like isolates from grapevine canes, crowns, soil and tumours in plants grown under cold conditions.
Most of the strains were biovar 3 (Agrobacterium vitis), and the remaining were atypical biovar 1 (Agrobacterium tumefaciens). All of them were tumourigenic on grapevine plants but differences in other hosts were observed. Chromosomal and plasmid-borne traits were analysed by gene amplification with four primer sets. Detection of the pectin enzyme hydrolase gene clearly distinguished A. vitis from the atypical A. tumefaciens. Regarding the virulence sensor gene, limited host range tumour-inducing plasmids were found in the atypical isolates. About opine utilization, most A. vitis and some A. tumefaciens contained octopine/cucumopine plasmids, but the nopaline-type was only detected in one A. tumefaciens.
The A. vitis strains were molecularly and phenotypically more homogeneous than those of A. tumefaciens, the latter displaying some typical A. vitis characteristics, suggesting an adaptation to life in grapevine.
The findings of this work will help to improve detection procedures of the pathogen, and demonstrate the pathogen diversity in cold vineyards, laying the groundwork for epidemiological studies and development of control strategies of the crown and cane gall disease.
对从寒冷条件下生长的葡萄藤茎、根颈、土壤及植物肿瘤中分离得到的一批类农杆菌菌株进行分子和表型特征分析。
大多数菌株为生物变种3（葡萄土壤杆菌），其余为非典型生物变种1（根癌土壤杆菌）。所有菌株在葡萄植株上均能致瘤，但在其他寄主上观察到差异。使用四组引物通过基因扩增分析染色体和质粒携带的性状。果胶酶水解酶基因的检测清楚地区分了葡萄土壤杆菌和非典型根癌土壤杆菌。关于毒力传感基因，在非典型分离株中发现了寄主范围有限的致瘤质粒。关于冠瘿碱利用，大多数葡萄土壤杆菌和一些根癌土壤杆菌含有章鱼碱/黄瓜碱质粒，但仅在一株根癌土壤杆菌中检测到胭脂碱型。
葡萄土壤杆菌菌株在分子和表型上比根癌土壤杆菌菌株更具同质性，后者表现出一些典型的葡萄土壤杆菌特征，表明其适应了在葡萄藤中的生存。
本研究结果将有助于改进病原菌的检测程序，并证明寒冷葡萄园中的病原菌多样性，为冠瘿和茎瘿病的流行病学研究及防治策略的制定奠定基础。
