Garakh Zhanna, Zaytseva Yuliya, Kapranova Alexandra, Fiala Ondrej, Horacek Jiri, Shmukler Alexander, Gurovich Isaac Ya, Strelets Valeria B
Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russian Federation.
Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry, Moscow, Russian Federation; Institute of Medical Psychology, Human Science Centre, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany; National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic/Prague Psychiatric Center, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic.
Clin Neurophysiol. 2015 Nov;126(11):2090-8. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2014.12.031. Epub 2015 Feb 7.
To evaluate the spectral power of the cortical bands in patients with first episode schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder at rest and during the performance of a mental arithmetic task.
We analyzed EEG spectral power (SP) in the resting state and subsequently while counting down from 200 in steps of 7, in 32 first episode schizophrenia patients (SZ), 32 patients with first episode schizoaffective disorder (SA) and healthy controls (HC, n=40). Behavioral parameters such as accuracy and counting speed were also evaluated.
Both SZ and SA patients were slower in counting than HC, no difference was obtained in the accuracy and counting speed in the patient groups. In the resting state patients showed elevated midline theta power, off-midline anterior beta 2 power and decreased central/posterior alpha power. The SA group occupied an intermediate position between the schizophrenia patients and controls. In task performance patients lacked a typical increase of midline theta, left anterior beta 2, and anterior gamma power; however, schizoaffective patients demonstrated a growing trend of power in the gamma band in left anterior off-midline sites similar to HC. Moreover, alpha power was less inhibited in schizoaffective patients and more pronounced in schizophrenia patients indicating distinct inhibitory mechanisms in these psychotic disorders.
Patients with SA demonstrate less alteration in the spectral power of bands at rest than SZ, and present spectral power changes during cognitive task performance close to the controls.
Our study contributes to the present evidence on the neurophysiological distinction between schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder.
评估首发精神分裂症和分裂情感性障碍患者在静息状态及进行心算任务时皮质频段的频谱功率。
我们分析了32例首发精神分裂症患者（SZ）、32例首发分裂情感性障碍患者（SA）和健康对照者（HC，n = 40）在静息状态下以及随后从200开始以7为步长倒数时的脑电图频谱功率（SP）。还评估了诸如准确性和计数速度等行为参数。
SZ和SA患者的计数速度均比HC慢，两组患者在准确性和计数速度方面无差异。在静息状态下，患者中线θ功率升高、中线外前β2功率升高且中央/后α功率降低。SA组处于精神分裂症患者和对照组之间的中间位置。在任务执行过程中，患者缺乏中线θ、左前β2和前γ功率的典型增加；然而，分裂情感性障碍患者在左前中线外部位的γ频段功率呈现出与HC相似的增长趋势。此外，分裂情感性障碍患者的α功率抑制较少，而精神分裂症患者的α功率抑制更明显，表明这些精神障碍存在不同的抑制机制。
SA患者在静息状态下频段的频谱功率变化比SZ患者少，并且在认知任务执行过程中的频谱功率变化接近对照组。
我们的研究为目前关于精神分裂症和分裂情感性障碍神经生理学差异的证据做出了贡献。
