Durand-Hulak Marie, Dugrand Audray, Duval Thibault, Bidel Luc P R, Jay-Allemand Christian, Froelicher Yann, Bourgaud Frédéric, Fanciullino Anne-Laure
CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-20230 San Giuliano, France, INRA, UMR AGAP, F-20230 San Giuliano, France, Université de Lorraine, UMR 1121 Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, F-54518 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France, INRA, UMR AGAP, Place P. Viala, F-34060 Montpellier, France, Université Montpellier II, UMR DIADE, F-34394 Montpellier, France and INRA, UR 1115, Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles, Domaine St-Paul - Site Agroparc, F-84914 Avignon, France CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-20230 San Giuliano, France, INRA, UMR AGAP, F-20230 San Giuliano, France, Université de Lorraine, UMR 1121 Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, F-54518 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France, INRA, UMR AGAP, Place P. Viala, F-34060 Montpellier, France, Université Montpellier II, UMR DIADE, F-34394 Montpellier, France and INRA, UR 1115, Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles, Domaine St-Paul - Site Agroparc, F-84914 Avignon, France.
CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-20230 San Giuliano, France, INRA, UMR AGAP, F-20230 San Giuliano, France, Université de Lorraine, UMR 1121 Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, F-54518 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France, INRA, UMR AGAP, Place P. Viala, F-34060 Montpellier, France, Université Montpellier II, UMR DIADE, F-34394 Montpellier, France and INRA, UR 1115, Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles, Domaine St-Paul - Site Agroparc, F-84914 Avignon, France.
Ann Bot. 2015 Apr;115(5):861-77. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcv012. Epub 2015 Mar 10.
Phenolic compounds contribute to food quality and have potential health benefits. Consequently, they are an important target of selection for Citrus species. Numerous studies on this subject have revealed new molecules, potential biosynthetic pathways and linkage between species. Although polyphenol profiles are correlated with gene expression, which is responsive to developmental and environmental cues, these factors are not monitored in most studies. A better understanding of the biosynthetic pathway and its regulation requires more information about environmental conditions, tissue specificity and connections between competing sub-pathways. This study proposes a rapid method, from sampling to analysis, that allows the quantitation of multiclass phenolic compounds across contrasting tissues and cultivars.
Leaves and fruits of 11 cultivated citrus of commercial interest were collected from adult trees grown in an experimental orchard. Sixty-four phenolic compounds were simultaneously quantified by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.
Combining data from vegetative tissues with data from fruit tissues improved cultivar classification based on polyphenols. The analysis of metabolite distribution highlighted the massive accumulation of specific phenolic compounds in leaves and the external part of the fruit pericarp, which reflects their involvement in plant defence. The overview of the biosynthetic pathway obtained confirmed some regulatory steps, for example those catalysed by rhamnosyltransferases. The results suggest that three other steps are responsible for the different metabolite profiles in 'Clementine' and 'Star Ruby' grapefruit.
The method described provides a high-throughput method to study the distribution of phenolic compounds across contrasting tissues and cultivars in Citrus, and offers the opportunity to investigate their regulation and physiological roles. The method was validated in four different tissues and allowed the identification and quantitation of 64 phenolic compounds in 20 min, which represents an improvement over existing methods of analysing multiclass polyphenols.
酚类化合物对食品品质有贡献，且具有潜在的健康益处。因此，它们是柑橘属物种选择的重要目标。关于这一主题的大量研究揭示了新的分子、潜在的生物合成途径以及物种间的联系。尽管多酚谱与基因表达相关，而基因表达对发育和环境线索有响应，但大多数研究并未监测这些因素。要更好地理解生物合成途径及其调控，需要更多关于环境条件、组织特异性以及相互竞争的子途径之间联系的信息。本研究提出了一种从采样到分析的快速方法，可对不同组织和品种中的多类酚类化合物进行定量分析。
从实验果园成年树上采集了11种具有商业价值的栽培柑橘的叶片和果实。通过超高效液相色谱-质谱联用同时对64种酚类化合物进行定量分析。
将营养组织的数据与果实组织的数据相结合，改进了基于多酚的品种分类。代谢物分布分析突出了特定酚类化合物在叶片和果实外果皮中的大量积累，这反映了它们在植物防御中的作用。所获得的生物合成途径概述证实了一些调控步骤，例如由鼠李糖基转移酶催化的步骤。结果表明，另外三个步骤导致了“克莱门氏小柑橘”和“星红宝石”葡萄柚中不同的代谢物谱。
所描述的方法提供了一种高通量方法，用于研究柑橘中不同组织和品种间酚类化合物的分布，并为研究其调控和生理作用提供了机会。该方法在四种不同组织中得到验证，能够在20分钟内鉴定和定量64种酚类化合物，相较于现有的多类多酚分析方法有了改进。
