Kar Chan Jessica Pui, Ireland Jane L
Department of Psychology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Canada.
Int J Prison Health. 2009;5(4):223-32. doi: 10.1080/17449200903343241.
The current study examines the association between fear of bullying and actual behaviour among male prisoners (n =234: 84 adult, 86 young and 66 juvenile). It explores if developmental models of aggression can assist with understanding fear and if there is evidence to support an application of the Applied Fear Response model. Participants completed the Direct and Indirect Prisoner Checklist-Scaled Revised and the Threat Appraisal Bullying measure. Fear of bullying did not differ across age. There were no significant relationships between fear and actual victimisation or perpetration for juveniles. Fear was a significant predictor of increased emotional and help-seeking behaviours in juveniles, and inhibited negative behaviours in adults. Fear of bullying was highest among young and juvenile 'bully-victims'. The need to account for fear of victimisation as opposed to focusing solely on victimisation experience is outlined, particularly in relation to younger prisoners (i.e. young adults and juvenile offenders). The value of developmental and environmental models in understanding aggression and victim reactions are discussed.
本研究调查了男性囚犯（n = 234：84名成年人、86名青年人和66名青少年）中受欺凌恐惧与实际行为之间的关联。研究探讨了攻击行为的发展模型是否有助于理解恐惧，以及是否有证据支持应用“应用恐惧反应模型”。参与者完成了《直接和间接囚犯清单-量表修订版》以及《威胁评估欺凌量表》。受欺凌恐惧在各年龄段并无差异。青少年的恐惧与实际受侵害或实施侵害行为之间不存在显著关系。恐惧是青少年情绪和求助行为增加的显著预测因素，也是成年人消极行为受到抑制的显著预测因素。在青年和青少年“欺凌-受害者”中，受欺凌恐惧最为强烈。文中概述了需要考虑受侵害恐惧，而非仅关注受侵害经历，特别是对于年轻囚犯（即青年人和少年犯）而言。讨论了发展模型和环境模型在理解攻击行为及受害者反应方面的价值。
