van Dooren Kate, Claudio Fernanda, Kinner Stuart A, Williams Megan
Kate van Dooren is a Lecturer at the Queensland Centre for Intellectual and Developmental Disability, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. Fernanda Claudio is based at the School of Social Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. Stuart A. Kinner is Head of the Centre for Population Health, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia. Megan Williams is based at the School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Int J Prison Health. 2011;7(4):26-36. doi: 10.1108/17449201111256880.
This paper proposes a framework to better understand ex-prisoner health, and pilot-tests the framework using qualitative interviews with ten people who have been out of prison for two years or more. The proposed framework considers different stages of re-entry (from pre-incarceration through to post-release), individual and structural factors influencing health, and health outcomes.
DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The authors conducted qualitative, open-ended interviews with ex-prisoners released from prison two or more years ago, who could be considered to have transitioned "successfully" out of prison. The aim of the interviews was to generate insights into the strategies that ex-prisoners use to negotiate the post-release period.
Most of the themes that emerged from interviews were consistent with the proposed framework. Structural factors are important concerns for ex-prisoners that may have to be resolved before other issues, such as drug addiction, can be addressed. However, these findings suggest that it is inappropriate to view health-related experiences during re-entry as homogenous, given the diversity of individual characteristics and backgrounds among ex-prisoners, notably including pre-incarceration social status.
ORIGINALITY/VALUE: To explain the health-related experiences of people following their release from prison, we need to think beyond reintegration and move beyond homogenous notions of the ex-prisoner population. Addressing sociocultural, demographic and incarceration-specific factors that ameliorate or intensify the challenges faced by ex-prisoners is of critical importance.
本文提出一个框架，以更好地理解出狱人员的健康状况，并通过对10名出狱两年或更久的人员进行定性访谈，对该框架进行试点测试。所提出的框架考虑了重新融入社会的不同阶段（从入狱前到出狱后）、影响健康的个人因素和结构因素以及健康结果。
设计/方法/途径：作者对两年或更久之前出狱的人员进行了定性的、开放式访谈，这些人员可被视为已“成功”从监狱过渡出来。访谈的目的是深入了解出狱人员在出狱后阶段所采用的策略。
访谈中出现的大多数主题与所提出的框架一致。结构因素是出狱人员的重要关切点，可能必须在解决其他问题（如药物成瘾）之前得到解决。然而，这些研究结果表明，鉴于出狱人员个人特征和背景的多样性，尤其是入狱前的社会地位，将重新融入社会期间与健康相关的经历视为同质化是不合适的。
原创性/价值：为了解释人们出狱后的健康相关经历，我们需要超越重新融入的范畴，摒弃关于出狱人员群体的同质化观念。解决改善或加剧出狱人员所面临挑战的社会文化、人口统计学和监禁特定因素至关重要。
