de Vente Wieke, Kamphuis Jan Henk, Blonk Roland W B, Emmelkamp Paul M G
Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
J Occup Rehabil. 2015 Sep;25(3):658-68. doi: 10.1007/s10926-015-9573-6.
The process of recovery from work-related stress, consisting of complaint reduction and work-resumption, is not yet fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate predictors of complaint reduction and work-resumption, as well as testing complaint reduction as a mediator in the association between predictors and work-resumption.
Seventy-one patients on sickness-leave because of work-related stress complaints were followed over a period of 13 months. Predictors comprised personal (demographics, coping, cognitions), work-related (job-characteristics, social support), and illness-related (complaint duration, absence duration) variables. Dependent variables were distress complaints, burnout complaints, and work-resumption.
Complaints reduced considerably over time to borderline clinical levels and work-resumption increased to 68% at 13 months. Predictors of stronger reduction of distress complaints were male gender, less working hours, less decision authority, more co-worker support, and shorter absence duration. Predictors of stronger reduction of burnout complaints were male gender, lower age, high education, less avoidant coping, less decision authority, more job security, and more co-worker support. Predictors of work-resumption were lower age and stronger reduction of burnout complaints. No indication for a mediating role of burnout complaints between the predictor age and work-resumption was found.
Complaint reduction and work-resumption are relatively independent processes. Symptom reduction is influenced by individual and work-related characteristics, which holds promise for a multidisciplinary treatment approach for work-related stress.
从与工作相关的压力中恢复的过程，包括减少抱怨和恢复工作，目前尚未完全了解。本研究的目的是调查减少抱怨和恢复工作的预测因素，并检验减少抱怨作为预测因素与恢复工作之间关联的中介作用。
对71名因与工作相关的压力投诉而休病假的患者进行了为期13个月的跟踪调查。预测因素包括个人因素（人口统计学、应对方式、认知）、工作相关因素（工作特征、社会支持）和疾病相关因素（投诉持续时间、缺勤持续时间）变量。因变量是困扰投诉、倦怠投诉和恢复工作情况。
随着时间的推移，投诉大幅减少至临界临床水平，13个月时恢复工作的比例增至68%。困扰投诉减少幅度更大的预测因素是男性、工作时间较短、决策权较小、同事支持较多以及缺勤持续时间较短。倦怠投诉减少幅度更大的预测因素是男性、年龄较低、高学历、较少采用回避应对方式、决策权较小、工作安全感较高以及同事支持较多。恢复工作的预测因素是年龄较低和倦怠投诉减少幅度更大。未发现倦怠投诉在预测因素年龄与恢复工作之间起中介作用的迹象。
减少抱怨和恢复工作是相对独立的过程。症状减轻受个人和工作相关特征的影响，这为与工作相关压力的多学科治疗方法带来了希望。
