Lehmann Marc
Berlin Prison Hospital, Berlin, Germany.
Int J Prison Health. 2012;8(3-4):131-40. doi: 10.1108/17449201211285003.
The purpose of this paper is to describe the nature of medical care within the German penal system. German prison services provide health care for all inmates, including psychiatric care. The reached level of equivalence of care and ethical problems and resource limitations are discussed and the way of legislation in this field since 2006 reform on federal law is described.
DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The article summarizes basic data on German prison health care for mentally ill inmates. The legislation process and factors of influence are pointed out. A description of how psychiatric care is organized in German prisons follows. It focuses on the actual legal situation including European standards of prison health care and prevention of torture, psychiatric care in German prisons themselves, self harm and addiction. Associated problems such as blood born diseases and tuberculosis are included. The interactions between prison staff and health care personal and ethic aspects are discussed.
The legislation process is still going on and there is still a chance to improve psychiatric care. Mental health problems are the major challenge for prison health care. Factors such as special problems of migrants, shortage of professionals and pure statistic data are considered.
ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The paper provides a general overview on psychiatric services in prison and names weak points and strengths of the system.
本文旨在描述德国刑罚系统内医疗保健的性质。德国监狱部门为所有囚犯提供医疗保健，包括精神科护理。文中讨论了所达到的护理等效水平、伦理问题和资源限制，并描述了自2006年联邦法律改革以来该领域的立法方式。
设计/方法/途径：本文总结了德国监狱为精神病囚犯提供医疗保健的基本数据。指出了立法过程和影响因素。随后描述了德国监狱中精神科护理的组织方式。重点关注实际法律状况，包括欧洲监狱医疗保健标准和防止酷刑、德国监狱自身的精神科护理、自残和成瘾问题。还包括诸如血源性疾病和结核病等相关问题。讨论了监狱工作人员与医疗保健人员之间的互动以及伦理方面的问题。
立法过程仍在进行中，改善精神科护理仍有机会。心理健康问题是监狱医疗保健面临的主要挑战。文中考虑了诸如移民的特殊问题、专业人员短缺和单纯的统计数据等因素。
原创性/价值：本文提供了监狱精神科服务的总体概述，并指出了该系统的弱点和优势。
