Yun Yingzi, Liu Zunyong, Yin Yanni, Jiang Jinhua, Chen Yun, Xu Jin-Rong, Ma Zhonghua
Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China.
New Phytol. 2015 Jul;207(1):119-134. doi: 10.1111/nph.13374. Epub 2015 Mar 10.
Phosphatases are known to play important roles in the regulation of various cellular processes in eukaryotes. However, systematic characterization of the phosphatome has not been reported in phytopathogenic fungi. The wheat scab fungus Fusarium graminearum contains 82 putative phosphatases. The biological functions of each phosphatase were investigated in this study. Although 11 phosphatase genes appeared to be essential, deletion mutants of the other 71 phosphatase genes were obtained and characterized for changes in 15 phenotypes, including vegetative growth, nutrient response and virulence. Overall, the deletion of 63 phosphatase genes resulted in changes in at least one of the phenotypes assayed. Interestingly, the deletion of four genes (Fg06297, Fg03333, Fg03826 and Fg07932) did not dramatically affect hyphal growth, but led to strongly reduced virulence. Western blot analyses showed that three phosphatases (Fg10516, Fg03333 and Fg12867) functioned as negative regulators of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. In addition, we found, for the first time, that FgCdc14 is dispensable for growth, but plays an important role in ribosome biogenesis. Overall, in this first functional characterization of the fungal phosphatome, phosphatases important for various aspects of hyphal growth, development, plant infection and secondary metabolism were identified in the phytopathogenic fungus F. graminearum.
已知磷酸酶在真核生物各种细胞过程的调控中发挥重要作用。然而，尚未有关于植物病原真菌磷酸酶组的系统表征的报道。小麦赤霉病菌禾谷镰刀菌含有82个假定的磷酸酶。本研究对每个磷酸酶的生物学功能进行了研究。虽然11个磷酸酶基因似乎是必需的，但我们获得了其他71个磷酸酶基因的缺失突变体，并对包括营养生长、营养反应和毒力在内的15种表型变化进行了表征。总体而言，63个磷酸酶基因的缺失导致至少一种所检测表型发生变化。有趣的是，四个基因（Fg06297、Fg03333、Fg03826和Fg07932）的缺失并未显著影响菌丝生长，但导致毒力大幅降低。蛋白质免疫印迹分析表明，三种磷酸酶（Fg10516、Fg03333和Fg12867）作为丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路的负调控因子发挥作用。此外，我们首次发现FgCdc14对生长并非必需，但在核糖体生物合成中起重要作用。总体而言，在对真菌磷酸酶组的首次功能表征中，在植物病原真菌禾谷镰刀菌中鉴定出了对菌丝生长、发育、植物感染和次级代谢等各个方面重要的磷酸酶。
