Sun Feng, Sun Li, Sun Shao-Wei, Wang Dian-Hai
College of Transportation, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China.
College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Comput Intell Neurosci. 2015;2015:750304. doi: 10.1155/2015/750304. Epub 2015 Feb 11.
Traffic congestion at bus bays has decreased the service efficiency of public transit seriously in China, so it is crucial to systematically study its theory and methods. However, the existing studies lack theoretical model on computing efficiency. Therefore, the calculation models of bus delay at bays are studied. Firstly, the process that buses are delayed at bays is analyzed, and it was found that the delay can be divided into entering delay and exiting delay. Secondly, the queueing models of bus bays are formed, and the equilibrium distribution functions are proposed by applying the embedded Markov chain to the traditional model of queuing theory in the steady state; then the calculation models of entering delay are derived at bays. Thirdly, the exiting delay is studied by using the queueing theory and the gap acceptance theory. Finally, the proposed models are validated using field-measured data, and then the influencing factors are discussed. With these models the delay is easily assessed knowing the characteristics of the dwell time distribution and traffic volume at the curb lane in different locations and different periods. It can provide basis for the efficiency evaluation of bus bays.
公交港湾的交通拥堵严重降低了中国公共交通的服务效率，因此系统地研究其理论和方法至关重要。然而，现有研究缺乏计算效率的理论模型。因此，对公交港湾延误的计算模型进行了研究。首先，分析了公交车在港湾延误的过程，发现延误可分为驶入延误和驶出延误。其次，建立了公交港湾的排队模型，通过将嵌入马尔可夫链应用于稳态排队理论的传统模型，提出了平衡分布函数；然后推导了公交港湾驶入延误的计算模型。第三，运用排队论和间隙接受理论对驶出延误进行了研究。最后，利用实测数据对所提出的模型进行了验证，并对影响因素进行了讨论。利用这些模型，结合不同地点、不同时段路缘车道的停靠时间分布特征和交通量，可轻松评估延误情况。可为公交港湾的效率评估提供依据。
