Meade Michelle A, Reed Karla S, Saunders Lee L, Krause James S
Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Department of Health Sciences and Research, College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina.
Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil. 2015 Winter;21(1):1-9. doi: 10.1310/sci2101-1.
The majority of research on employment among persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) focuses on the employment rate at a given point in time to the exclusion of quality employment outcomes.
To identify the employment outcomes of greatest importance as defined by those with SCI who have worked since injury.
A qualitative approach was used with 6 focus groups at 2 sites (Minnesota and Georgia). Participants (N = 44) were a minimum of 10 years after injury and had been employed at some point after SCI. We identified participants through a 40-year longitudinal study of SCI and a community resource. A combination of homogeneous (race/ethnic minority group, female group) and heterogeneous groups were convened. A semi-structured interview format queried participants about personal, environmental, and policy-related factors that impacted obtaining, maintaining, and advancing in employment.
Seven overlapping themes were identified under the 2 broad categories of compensation and subjective well-being: (1) salary and what it can support, (2) health insurance and other fringe benefits, (3) promotions and recognition, (4) social connection and support, (5) job satisfaction and enjoyment from working, (6) making a difference and helping others, and (7) psychological and emotional health.
The results indicate several common themes among persons with SCI who have successful employment histories, suggesting that the benefits of employment are multifaceted and go beyond monetary compensation.
大多数关于脊髓损伤（SCI）患者就业情况的研究聚焦于特定时间点的就业率，而忽视了优质就业成果。
确定受伤后有工作经历的脊髓损伤患者所定义的最重要的就业成果。
采用定性研究方法，在两个地点（明尼苏达州和佐治亚州）开展了6个焦点小组访谈。参与者（N = 44）受伤至少10年，且在脊髓损伤后的某个时间点有过工作经历。我们通过一项为期40年的脊髓损伤纵向研究和一个社区资源来确定参与者。召集了同质（种族/少数族裔群体、女性群体）和异质群体。采用半结构化访谈形式，询问参与者有关影响就业获取、维持和晋升的个人、环境及政策相关因素。
在薪酬和主观幸福感这两个大类下确定了七个重叠主题：（1）薪资及其所能提供的支持，（2）医疗保险和其他福利待遇，（3）晋升与认可，（4）社会联系与支持，（5）工作满意度和工作乐趣，（6）有所作为并帮助他人，（7）心理和情绪健康。
结果表明，在有成功就业经历的脊髓损伤患者中存在几个共同主题，这表明就业的益处是多方面的，且不仅仅局限于金钱补偿。
