Gomes Willy A, Brown Lee E, Soares Enrico G, da Silva Josinaldo J, de O Silva Fernando H D, Serpa Érica P, Corrêa Daniel A, Vilela Junior Guanis de B, Lopes Charles R, Marchetti Paulo H
1Graduate Program in Science of Human Movement, College of Health Science (FACIS), Methodist University of Piracicaba, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil; 2Department of Kinesiology, Center for Sport Performance, California State University, Fullerton, California; and 3Physical Education Department, Faculty Adventist of Hortolândia, Hortolândia, São Paulo, Brazil.
J Strength Cond Res. 2015 Sep;29(9):2482-7. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000922.
The purposes of this study were to measure the acute effects of knee wraps (KWs) on knee and hip joint kinematics, dynamic muscle activation from the vastus lateralis (VL) and gluteus maximus (GM), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) during the back squat exercise at 2 different intensities. Fourteen resistance-trained men (age: 24 ± 4 years, height: 176 ± 6 cm, body mass: 81 ± 11 kg, back squat 1 repetition maximum [1RM]: 107 ± 30 kg, 3 ± 1 year of back squat experience) performed 1 set of 3 repetitions under 4 different conditions, to a depth of approximately 90 degrees of knee joint flexion, and in random order: KWs at 60% 1RM (KW60), KWs at 90% 1RM (KW90), without knee wraps (NWs) at 60% 1RM (NW60), and NWs at 90% 1RM (NW90). The dependent variables obtained were vertical and horizontal bar displacement, peak joint angle in the sagittal plane (hip and knee joints), concentric and eccentric muscle activation (by integrated electromyography) from the VL and GM, and RPE. For muscle activity, there were significant decreases in the VL NWs at 60% 1RM (p = 0.013) and a significant increase NWs at 90% 1RM (p = 0.037). There was a significant increase in VL muscle activity at 90% 1RM, when compared with 60% 1RM (KW: p = 0.001, effect size (ES) = 1.51 and NW: p < 00.001, ES = 1.67). There was a decrease in GM muscle activity NWs only at 60% 1RM (p = 0.014). There was a significant increase in GM muscle activity at 90% 1RM, when compared with 60% 1RM (KW: p < 0.001 and NW: p < 0.001). For peak hip joint flexion angle, there was significant decreases between intensities (90% 1RM < 60% 1RM) only to NWs condition (p = 0.009), and there was greater knee flexion NWs for both intensities: 60% 1RM (p < 0.001) and 90% 1RM (p = 0.018). For normalized vertical barbell displacement, there were significant differences between intensities when using KWs (p = 0.022). There were significant differences in RPE between 60 and 90% 1RM for each condition: KWs (p < 0.001) and NWs (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the use of KWs results in decreased muscle activation of the VL at the same intensity (90% 1RM).
本研究的目的是测量护膝（KWs）对膝关节和髋关节运动学、股外侧肌（VL）和臀大肌（GM）的动态肌肉激活以及两种不同强度的深蹲运动中主观用力感觉（RPE）的急性影响。14名进行过抗阻训练的男性（年龄：24±4岁，身高：176±6厘米，体重：81±11千克，深蹲1次最大重复量[1RM]：107±30千克，有3±1年深蹲经验）在4种不同条件下进行1组3次重复动作，膝关节屈曲至约90度深度，且顺序随机：60%1RM负荷下使用护膝（KW60）、90%1RM负荷下使用护膝（KW90）、60%1RM负荷下不使用护膝（NW60）以及90%1RM负荷下不使用护膝（NW90）。获得的因变量包括杠铃垂直和水平位移、矢状面（髋关节和膝关节）的峰值关节角度、VL和GM的向心和离心肌肉激活（通过表面肌电图）以及RPE。对于肌肉活动，60%1RM负荷下不使用护膝时VL的肌肉活动显著降低（p = 0.013），90%1RM负荷下不使用护膝时显著增加（p = 0.037）。与60%1RM相比，90%1RM负荷下VL肌肉活动显著增加（使用护膝：p = 0.001，效应量（ES）= 1.51；不使用护膝：p < 0.001，ES = 1.67）。仅在60%1RM负荷下不使用护膝时GM肌肉活动降低（p = 0.014）。与60%1RM相比，90%1RM负荷下GM肌肉活动显著增加（使用护膝：p < 0.001；不使用护膝：p < 0.001）。对于髋关节峰值屈曲角度，仅在不使用护膝的情况下强度之间存在显著降低（90%1RM < 60%1RM）（p = 0.009），两种强度下不使用护膝时膝关节屈曲角度更大：60%1RM（p < 0.001）和90%1RM（p = 0.018）。对于标准化的杠铃垂直位移，使用护膝时强度之间存在显著差异（p = 0.022）。每种条件下60%和90%1RM之间的RPE存在显著差异：使用护膝（p < 0.001）和不使用护膝（p < 0.001）。总之，在相同强度（90%1RM）下使用护膝会导致VL的肌肉激活降低。
