Quinette P, Constans J M, Hainselin M, Desgranges B, Eustache F, Viader F
U1077, Inserm, 5, avenue de la Côte-de-Nacre, CS 30001, 14033 Caen Cedex 9, France; UMR-S1077, University of Caen - Basse-Normandie, esplanade de la Paix, 14032 Caen Cedex 5, France; UMR-S1077, École Pratique des Hautes Études, 5, avenue de la Côte-de-Nacre, 14032 Caen Cedex 5, France; U1077, Caen University Hospital, 5, avenue de la Côte-de-Nacre, 14033 Caen Cedex 9, France.
Radiology and Medical Imaging Department, Amiens University Hospital, place Victor-Pauchet, 80054 Amiens Cedex 1, France.
Rev Neurol (Paris). 2015 Mar;171(3):282-8. doi: 10.1016/j.neurol.2015.01.003. Epub 2015 Mar 11.
Transient global amnesia (TGA) is an acute and transient syndrome with a remarkably stereotypical set of signs and symptoms. It is characterized by the abrupt onset (no forewarning) of massive episodic memory impairment, both anterograde and retrograde. Ever since it was first described, TGA has fascinated neurologists and other memory experts, and in recent years, there has been a surge of neuroimaging studies seeking to pin down the brain dysfunction responsible for it. Several pathophysiological hypotheses have been put forward, including the short-lived suggestion of an epileptic mechanism. All the available data indicate that the brain modifications are reversible, and that the mechanism behind TGA is of a functional nature. However, while diffusion-weighted imaging studies have clearly identified the hippocampus and, more specifically, the CA1 area, as the locus of brain modifications associated with TGA, researchers have yet to determine whether the origin of the mechanism is vascular or neurochemical. Spectroscopy may provide a means of settling this issue once and for all.
短暂性全面性遗忘症（TGA）是一种急性且短暂的综合征，具有一套显著刻板的体征和症状。其特征是大量顺行性和逆行性情景记忆障碍的突然发作（无预警）。自首次被描述以来，TGA一直吸引着神经科医生和其他记忆专家，近年来，涌现出大量神经影像学研究，试图确定导致其发生的脑功能障碍。已经提出了几种病理生理假说，包括曾有过的关于癫痫机制的短期观点。所有现有数据表明，脑部改变是可逆的，且TGA背后的机制具有功能性本质。然而，虽然扩散加权成像研究已明确将海马体，更具体地说是CA1区，确定为与TGA相关的脑部改变部位，但研究人员尚未确定该机制的起源是血管性还是神经化学性的。光谱学可能提供一种一劳永逸解决这个问题的方法。
