Gil-Lacruz Ana Isabel, Gil-Lacruz Marta, Leeder Stephen
Department of Business Management, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Addict Behav. 2015 Jun;45:294-300. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.01.016. Epub 2015 Feb 25.
In Spain, fewer men are smoking every year yet the number of women smokers remains relatively high. This paper examines the impact of two anti-smoking policies (increased prices and obligatory pictorial health warning labels) on womens smoking decisions; generation cohorts are used to elucidate the determinants of those decisions.
We have drawn 48,755 observations of women living in Spain from the Spanish National Health Surveys of 2001, 2003, 2006 and 2011.
Among the main results, we highlight that belonging to a particular generation modulates the manner in which individual characteristics and tobacco policies determine smoking decisions. For example, women's smoking was not considered as socially acceptable until the 1960s and therefore older women have lower smoking rates. However, for the younger female cohorts (generations X and Y) smoking was seen as an act of rebellion and modernity, so women belonging to these groups, irrespective of educational level, are more likely to smoke.
The price of cigarettes and pictorial health warning labels on cigarette packets also influence the smoking behaviour of Spanish women.
在西班牙，每年吸烟的男性人数在减少，但女性吸烟者的数量仍相对较高。本文研究了两项反吸烟政策（提高价格和强制使用带有图片的健康警示标签）对女性吸烟决策的影响；使用代际队列来阐明这些决策的决定因素。
我们从2001年、2003年、2006年和2011年的西班牙国家健康调查中提取了48755名居住在西班牙的女性的观察数据。
在主要结果中，我们强调属于特定代际会调节个人特征和烟草政策决定吸烟决策的方式。例如，直到20世纪60年代，女性吸烟才被视为社会可接受的行为，因此老年女性的吸烟率较低。然而，对于年轻的女性队列（X代和Y代）来说，吸烟被视为一种叛逆和现代的行为，所以属于这些群体的女性，无论教育水平如何，更有可能吸烟。
香烟价格和香烟包装上的带有图片的健康警示标签也会影响西班牙女性的吸烟行为。
