增温与添加氮素促进温带草甸生态系统中的凋落物分解。
Warming and nitrogen addition increase litter decomposition in a temperate meadow ecosystem.
作者信息
Gong Shiwei, Guo Rui, Zhang Tao, Guo Jixun
机构信息
Institute of Grassland Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China.
Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2015 Mar 16;10(3):e0116013. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116013. eCollection 2015.
BACKGROUND
Litter decomposition greatly influences soil structure, nutrient content and carbon sequestration, but how litter decomposition is affected by climate change is still not well understood.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A field experiment with increased temperature and nitrogen (N) addition was established in April 2007 to examine the effects of experimental warming, N addition and their interaction on litter decomposition in a temperate meadow steppe in northeastern China. Warming, N addition and warming plus N addition reduced the residual mass of L. chinensis litter by 3.78%, 7.51% and 4.53%, respectively, in 2008 and 2009, and by 4.73%, 24.08% and 16.1%, respectively, in 2010. Warming, N addition and warming plus N addition had no effect on the decomposition of P. communis litter in 2008 or 2009, but reduced the residual litter mass by 5.58%, 15.53% and 5.17%, respectively, in 2010. Warming and N addition reduced the cellulose percentage of L. chinensis and P. communis, specifically in 2010. The lignin percentage of L. chinensis and P. communis was reduced by warming but increased by N addition. The C, N and P contents of L. chinensis and P. communis litter increased with time. Warming and N addition reduced the C content and C:N ratios of L. chinensis and P. communis litter, but increased the N and P contents. Significant interactive effects of warming and N addition on litter decomposition were observed (P<0.01).
CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: The litter decomposition rate was highly correlated with soil temperature, soil water content and litter quality. Warming and N addition significantly impacted the litter decomposition rate in the Songnen meadow ecosystem, and the effects of warming and N addition on litter decomposition were also influenced by the quality of litter. These results highlight how climate change could alter grassland ecosystem carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents in soil by influencing litter decomposition.
背景
凋落物分解对土壤结构、养分含量和碳固存有着重大影响，但气候变化如何影响凋落物分解仍未得到充分理解。
方法/主要发现：2007年4月开展了一项增温与添加氮（N）的田间试验，以研究实验性增温、添加氮及其交互作用对中国东北温带草甸草原凋落物分解的影响。2008年和2009年，增温、添加氮以及增温加添加氮分别使羊草凋落物的剩余质量减少了3.78%、7.51%和4.53%，2010年分别减少了4.73%、24.08%和16.1%。2008年或2009年，增温、添加氮以及增温加添加氮对芦苇凋落物分解没有影响，但在2010年分别使凋落物剩余质量减少了5.58%、15.53%和5.17%。增温和添加氮降低了羊草和芦苇的纤维素百分比，特别是在2010年。羊草和芦苇的木质素百分比因增温而降低，但因添加氮而增加。羊草和芦苇凋落物的碳、氮和磷含量随时间增加。增温和添加氮降低了羊草和芦苇凋落物的碳含量以及碳氮比，但增加了氮和磷含量。观察到增温和添加氮对凋落物分解有显著的交互作用（P<0.01）。
结论/意义：凋落物分解速率与土壤温度、土壤含水量和凋落物质量高度相关。增温和添加氮显著影响了松嫩草甸生态系统中的凋落物分解速率，增温和添加氮对凋落物分解的影响也受凋落物质量的影响。这些结果凸显了气候变化如何通过影响凋落物分解来改变草地生态系统土壤中的碳、氮和磷含量。
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