Bednarska Karolina, Hallmann-Szelińska E, Kondratiuk K, Brydak L B
Department of Influenza Research, National Influenza Center, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska St., 00-791, Warsaw, Poland,
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2015;857:1-7. doi: 10.1007/5584_2015_116.
Infections caused by respiratory viruses can have different clinical symptoms, while specific set of symptoms can be induced by different viruses. Despite usually mild course of disease, some viruses causing certain disease entity can result in serious complications. Therefore, quick and appropriate diagnostic is crucial for administering proper treatment. In the epidemic season 2013/2014, 2,497 specimens were tested. Infections caused by influenza viruses were confirmed in 9.8%, while infections caused by influenza-like viruses (ILI) in 13.2%. The co-domination of A/H1N1/pdm09 (29.4%) with A/H3N2/ (30.6%) was observed among circulating subtypes of influenza virus type A. Analysis of positive specimens categorized into 7 age groups indicated that most of morbidity to influenza was noted in the age intervals: 26-44 (22.9%) and 45-64 years old (21.6%). Considering infections caused by influenza-like viruses, the highest amount of positive cases was registered in the age group 0-4 years old (92.7%) with the highest ratio of RSV (87.9%) and PIV-3 (10.5%). Judging by the epidemiological and virological indicators, the 2013/14 influenza season was mild and only low virus activity was reported in Poland as well as in most European countries. Still, 9,000 hospitalizations and 17 deaths were registered in Poland during this epidemic season.
呼吸道病毒引起的感染可表现出不同的临床症状，不同病毒可引发特定的症状组合。尽管疾病进程通常较为温和，但某些导致特定疾病实体的病毒可能会引发严重并发症。因此，快速且恰当的诊断对于实施正确治疗至关重要。在2013/2014年流行季节，共检测了2497份样本。流感病毒引起的感染确诊率为9.8%，而流感样病毒（ILI）引起的感染确诊率为13.2%。在甲型流感病毒的流行亚型中，观察到A/H1N1/pdm09（29.4%）与A/H3N2/（30.6%）共同占主导地位。对分为7个年龄组的阳性样本进行分析表明，流感发病率最高的年龄段为：26 - 44岁（22.9%）和45 - 64岁（21.6%）。考虑到流感样病毒引起的感染，0 - 4岁年龄组的阳性病例数量最多（92.7%），其中呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）占比最高（87.9%），副流感病毒3型（PIV - 3）占10.5%。从流行病学和病毒学指标判断，2013/14年流感季节较为温和，波兰以及大多数欧洲国家仅报告了较低的病毒活性。尽管如此，在该流行季节波兰仍有9000例住院病例和17例死亡病例。
