Kamangar Faranak, Okhovat Jean-Phillip, Schmidt Timothy, Beshay Abram, Pasch Lauri, Cedars Marcelle I, Huddleston Heather, Shinkai Kanade
Department of Dermatology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California.
David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Pediatr Dermatol. 2015 Sep-Oct;32(5):571-8. doi: 10.1111/pde.12566. Epub 2015 Mar 19.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine syndrome with variable phenotypic expression and important systemic associations and sequelae, including obesity, insulin resistance, infertility, risk of endometrial cancer, and possible risk of cardiovascular events. PCOS is recognized as a condition influenced by genetic and environmental factors and distinct manifestations in all stages of life, including the prenatal period, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Identification of this disorder in childhood and adolescence has received growing attention, in part because of emerging evidence of the benefit of early intervention, but the diagnosis and management of PCOS in children and adolescents can be challenging. Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations of PCOS in children are reviewed to enhance identification and evaluation of patients suspected of having this disorder. When a diagnosis of PCOS is suspected in a child but cannot be confirmed, a provisional diagnosis is strongly recommended so as to prompt ongoing monitoring with an emphasis on important early interventions such as obesity reduction.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是一种具有可变表型表达以及重要全身关联和后遗症的内分泌综合征，这些后遗症包括肥胖、胰岛素抵抗、不孕、子宫内膜癌风险以及心血管事件的潜在风险。PCOS被认为是一种受遗传和环境因素影响的病症，在生命的各个阶段都有不同表现，包括产前、儿童期、青春期和成年期。在儿童期和青春期识别这种疾病受到了越来越多的关注，部分原因是早期干预益处的新证据不断涌现，但儿童和青少年PCOS的诊断和管理可能具有挑战性。本文综述了儿童PCOS的诊断和治疗考量，以加强对疑似患有该疾病患者的识别和评估。当怀疑儿童患有PCOS但无法确诊时，强烈建议进行临时诊断，以便促进持续监测，重点是如减轻肥胖等重要的早期干预措施。
